Responses of guinea pig umbilical vasculature to vasoactive drugs

Nair, Xina; Dyer, Donald C.

doi:10.1016/0014-2999(74)90004-1

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Norepinephrine and particularly the monoamine serotonin (5-HT) exert vasoconstrictive effects on the umbilical vein, thereby reducing blood flow from the placenta to the fetus 49,50. Furthermore, the vascular response to 5-HT is potentiated by uptake inhibition 51,52. Vasoconstriction at the uteroplacental complex coupled with anorexic effects of cocaine could explain the increase in intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) that has been reported in cocaine-exposed infants 53…”

Section: Cocainementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Catecholamines also exert vasoconstrictive effects on the umbilical vein, thereby reducing blood flow from the placenta to the fetus 49,50. Furthermore, the vascular response to 5-HT is potentiated by uptake inhibition 51,52. As the umbilical cord is not innervated, transporter-dependent uptake by the placenta is also protecting the umbilical-placental circulation from deleterious effects of these neurotransmitters 174,175…”

Section: Biogenic Amine Transportersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fetal Effects of Psychoactive Drugs

Salisbury¹,

Ponder²,

Padbury³

et al. 2009

Clinics in Perinatology

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There has been a longstanding concern with the fetal effects of psychoactive drug use by pregnant women. In this article we describe the effects of three drugs with similar molecular targets that involve monoaminergic transmitter systems. These stimulants include the illegal drugs cocaine and methamphetamine and the class of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) used to treat maternal depression during pregnancy. We discuss the mechanisms of action of each drug, including a possible common epigenetic mechanism for their effects on the developing child. We also discuss fetal neurobehavioral techniques that may be useful in the early detection of the effects of in utero drug exposure.In the past three decades, the concept of behavioral teratology 1 expanded the field of teratology to examine behavioral effects in the neonate due to acute exposure to substances in utero, including environmental, nutritional, and drug exposures. 2,3 The developmental consequences of prenatal exposure to a toxic substance may include central nervous system (CNS) insult related to the period during gestation of the exposure. In contrast to the effects of drugs on the adult brain, which result in deformation of the developed brain, fetal effects are more likely to produce malformation in which the developing brain is prevented from forming normally. 4 The effects of exposure during the first half of gestation will impact processes related to cytogenesis and histogenesis whereas effects during the second half of gestation relate to brain growth and differentiation. During this organizational phase in the second half of gestation, progressive events (neuroblast proliferation and migration, axonal projection, and Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Recent years have seen further expansion of the principles of behavioral teratology to examine exposure effects on the human fetus at the time of the exposure. Epigenetic and organismic models of developmental theory suggest that true understanding of a developing system can occur with the study of its organization of form and structure as it moves toward a teleological state. 5,6 This study includes examination of the mutual influences of genes, physiology, and behavior as well as the physical, cultural, and social environments of the organism. 6 NIH Public AccessIncreasing evidence from preclinical, prospective clinical and epidemiological studies suggests that many biological factors acting during prenatal life are associated with adult disease as well as long term neurobehavioral abnormalities 7-17 and behavioral disorders. [18...

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Section: Cocainementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biogenic Amine Transportersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal Effects of Psychoactive Drugs

Salisbury¹,

Ponder²,

Padbury³

et al. 2009

Clinics in Perinatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Norepinephrine, and particularly the monoamine serotonin (5-HT), exert vasoconstrictive effects on the umbilical vein; thereby, reducing blood flow from the placenta to the fetus [42,43] . Furthermore, the vascular response to 5-HT is potentiated by uptake inhibition [44,45] . As the umbilical cord is not innervated, the placental mechanisms for catecholamine uptake described below are protecting the umbilical-placental circulation from deleterious effects of these neurotransmitters [46,47] .…”

Section: The Second Pathophysiology: Vasoconstrictive Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Third Pathophysiology of Prenatal Cocaine Exposure

Lester

Padbury²

2009

Dev Neurosci

130

148

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The pathophysiology of the effects of cocaine on fetal development has been described along 2 major pathways: neurochemical effects and vasoconstrictive effects. Following a summary of these effects, we suggest a ‘third pathophysiology’ in which altered fetal programming affects the acute and long-term adverse effects of in utero cocaine exposure. We describe how cocaine as a stressor alters the expression of key candidate genes, increasing exposure to catecholamines and fetal cortisol-altering neuroendocrine (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis) activity, leading to infant behavioral dysregulation, poor behavioral control and emotion regulation during childhood and phenotypes that confer vulnerability to substance use in adolescence. This model is discussed in relation to follow-up studies of the effects of in utero cocaine exposure and maturational changes in brain development.

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“…In human umbilical vessels, similar responses to 5-HT have been reported, suggesting that this amine may play a physiological role in closing these vessels at birth [6], To our knowledge, the effect of 5-HT on human cho rionic vessels has not been previously reported. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of 5-HT and its selective blocker, ketanserin, on vasoactivity of isolated human placental chorionic veins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Effects of Serotonin on Vascular Tone of Isolated Human Placental Chorionic Veins

González¹,

Cruz²,

Sepúlveda³

et al. 1990

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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Vasomotor effects of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) were studied in isolated human placental chorionic veins in vitro. 5-HT produced marked contraction with a maximum of 89 ± 5.05% of the K⁺-induced contractions. This response was specifically and competitively antagonized by ketanserin at doses of 10^––9 and 10^––8M(pA₂ = 9.65). Ketanserin, at concentrations up to 10^––7M, induced noncompetitive inhibition of the contractions. These findings show a marked vasoconstrictor effect of 5-HT on the capacitance vessels of the human placenta, which suggests that this amine could play an important role as a mediator of fetal circulation. The possible therapeutic effect of ketanserin as a vasodilator to improve blood flow in the uteroplacental unit, is also discussed, based on the ability of this drug to block competitively 5-HT effects on chorionic veins.

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Responses of guinea pig umbilical vasculature to vasoactive drugs

Cited by 16 publications

References 16 publications

Fetal Effects of Psychoactive Drugs

Fetal Effects of Psychoactive Drugs

Third Pathophysiology of Prenatal Cocaine Exposure

Effects of Serotonin on Vascular Tone of Isolated Human Placental Chorionic Veins

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