Responses of IgM for enterovirus 71 infection

Abstract

A rapid serological assay was developed for detection of specific IgM to enterovirus 71, a human picornavirus that is usually associated with severe central nervous system complications. The sensitivity and specificity of this "in-house" mu-capture enzyme linked-immunosorbent assay was assessed by testing 213 serum samples. With the conventional virus culture as a standard method, the sensitivity and specificity were 91.5 and 93.1%, respectively, for this newly developed immunoassay. This method allows for detection of the IgM responses from the patients either infected by genotype B or genotype C of enterovirus 71. IgM can be detected as early as the second day from the onset of disease. IgM responses exhibit 100% positive rate from enterovirus 71-infected patients with complications, including encephalitis, meningitis, polio-like syndrome, pulmonary edema, and fatal cases. These findings suggest that detection of specific IgM by the use of enzyme linked-immunosorbent assay is a rapid and valuable way for the diagnosis of enterovirus 71 infection.

MyoD induces apoptosis in the absence of RB function through a p21WAF1-dependent re-localization of cyclin/cdk complexes to the nucleus

“…It is likely that several factors, related to the muscle cell type, the stage of muscle development and/or the expression pattern of different MyoD family members, could account for the discrepancy of this observation with our results. Consistently with an apoptotic role of p21, several reports indicate that the increased expression of natural cdk inhibitors, or the introduction of synthetic cdk inhibitory peptides, can selectively induce apoptosis in transformed cells Schreiber et al, 1999;Tsao et al, 1999;d'Agnano et al, 2001).…”

CD30-mediated cell cycle arrest associated with induced expression of p21CIP1/WAF1 in the anaplastic large cell lymphoma cell line Karpas 299

“…While the role of p21 in cell cycle arrest is generally accepted, controversial data were obtained considering its role in apoptotic cell death. In this context, p21 was described either to sustain or to induce apoptosis (Ahmad et al, 1998;Tsao et al, 1999) or to possess apoptosis inhibitory activity (Asada et al, 1999;Marches et al, 1999). As we could neither detect cleavage of the caspase-3 substrate poly (ADPribose) polymerase (PARP) nor apoptotic degradation of genomic DNA, p21 appears not to promote cell death, but exclusively cell cycle arrest in Karpas 299 cells.…”

Efficient growth inhibition of HPV 16 E6-expressing cells by an adenovirus-expressing p53 homologue p73β

“…The proapoptotic gene bax, introduced through an adenovirus, is found to be effective in inducing apoptosis in cervical cancer-derived cells (Huh et al, 2001). The universal cdk inhibitor p21 WAF1/CIP1 , expressed from an adenovirus, has been found to be very effective in inhibiting the growth of cancer cells expressing HPV E6 gene or human cervical cancerderived cancer cell lines (Prabhu et al, 1998;Tsao et al, 1999). Antisense approach against HPV E6/E7 oncogene or telomerase RNA has been found to be effective in inhibiting the growth of cervical cancer cells (Hamada et al, 1996;Yatabe et al, 2002).…”