Responses of plant species diversity and soil physical-chemical-microbial properties to Phragmites australis invasion along a density gradient

Uddin, M D Nazim; Robinson, Ross

doi:10.1038/s41598-017-11205-0

Cited by 34 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Eight stems, each consisting of 14 14-19 cm long green leaves, were attached to each board, providing a stem density of 160 per m 2 . This stem density is in line with high density areas of Phragmites (Uddin & Robinson, 2017), an emergent macrophyte found in Tanzanian freshwater systems. Identical shelters were also placed in each of the housing tanks to remove novelty and to encourage individuals to associate the structure with shelter.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 84%

Invasive Nile tilapia dominates a threatened indigenous tilapia in competition over shelter

2020

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Invasive species are one of the greatest threats to freshwater ecosystems globally. However, the causal mechanisms that drive negative impacts of many invasive species are poorly understood. In Tanzania, non-native Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exists in sympatry with a diverse range of native species, many of which are congenerics with strong niche overlap. It has been suggested that O. niloticus can displace native species from preferred habitat through dominance during interference competition, yet interference competition between O. niloticus and a native tilapia species has never been directly tested under experimental conditions. In this study juvenile O. niloticus and Manyara tilapia (Oreochromis amphimelas), a functionally similar but endangered Tanzanian cichlid, were size matched in conspecific and heterospecific pairs. We presented pairs with limited shelter and recorded competitive interactions. We found that O. niloticus were more aggressive and faster to initiate agonistic interactions than O. amphimelas. Furthermore, O. niloticus showed a strong competitive dominance in their interactions with O. amphimelas. One-sided dominance hierarchies can drive fundamental changes in resource use by subordinate individuals, potentially resulting in habitat displacement over the long term. Based on this experimental evidence, we conclude that O. niloticus may threaten native tilapia species through dominance in interference competition.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 84%

Invasive Nile tilapia dominates a threatened indigenous tilapia in competition over shelter

2020

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“…ex Steudel) is a clonal perennial plant that grows in a wide variety of ecosystems, including swamp, coastal marshes, inland lakes, and rivers [ 28 , 29 ]. It has high adaptability, and a well-developed aerenchym and rhizosphere to facilitate colonization, and readily propagates by rhizome or stem node [ 30 , 31 ] It has a well-developed aerated tissue [ 32 ]. Previous studies have showed that P .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and soil nutrient addition on the growth of Phragmites australis under different drying-rewetting cycles

Jinfeng

Gao

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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The frequency of soil drying–rewetting cycles is predicted to increase under future global climate change, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are symbiotic with most plants. However, it remains unknown how AMF affect plant growth under different frequencies of soil drying–rewetting cycles. We subjected a clonal wetland plant Phragmites australis to three frequencies of drying-rewetting cycles (1, 2, or 4 cycles), two nutrient treatments (with or without), and two AMF treatments (with or without) for 64 days. AMF promoted the growth of P. australis, especially in the 2 cycles of the drying-rewetting treatment. AMF had a significant positive effect on leaf mass and number of ramets in the 2 cycles of the drying-rewetting treatment with nutrient addition. In the 2 cycles of drying-rewetting treatment without nutrient addition, AMF increased leaf area and decreased belowground to aboveground biomass ratio. These results indicate that AMF may assist P. australis in coping with medium frequency of drying-rewetting cycles, and provide theoretical guidance for predicting how wetland plants respond to future global climate change.

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“…Most species of the genus Melaleuca are reliant on seed alone for reproduction; however, Melaleuca can form clonal stands through the production of ramets 69 . These two species naturally coexist in most of the wetlands in south-eastern Australia 70,71 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Net nitrification was calculated as extractable nitrate in the incubated sample minus extractable nitrate in the initial extracts. Microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) and dehydrogenase activity (DHA) in treated soil were determined according to the procedures of Uddin & Robinson 71 . The alkaline persulfate oxidation method was used to determine the total nitrogen in above-ground plant tissue of the above greenhouse experimental samples of both species following the method proposed by Purcell & King 76 .…”

Section: Laboratory Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen immobilization may reduce invasibility of nutrient enriched plant community invaded by Phragmites australis

Uddin

Robinson

Asaeda

2020

Sci Rep

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Nutrient enrichment, particularly nitrogen, is an important determinant of plant community productivity, diversity and invasibility in a wetland ecosystem. It may contribute to increasing colonization and dominance of invasive species, such as Phragmites australis, especially during wetland restoration. Providing native species a competitive advantage over invasive species, manipulating soil nutrients (nitrogen) may be an effective strategy to control the invasive species and that management tool is essential to restore the degraded ecosystems. Therefore, we examined competition between Phragmites australis and Melaleuca ericifolia in a greenhouse setting with activated carbon (AC) treatments, followed by cutting of Phragmites shoots in nutrient-rich soils. Additionally, we evaluated the effect of AC on plant-free microcosms in the laboratory, to differentiate direct effects of AC on soil microbial functions from indirect effects. Overall, the objective was to test whether lowering nitrogen might be an effective approach for reducing Phragmites invasion in the wetland. The AC reduced Phragmites total biomass more significantly in repeated cut regime (57%) of Phragmites shoots compared to uncut regime (39%). Conversely, it increased Melaleuca total biomass by 41% and 68% in uncut and repeated cut regimes, respectively. Additionally, AC decreased more total nitrogen in above-ground biomass (41 to 55%) and non-structural carbohydrate in rhizome (21 to 65%) of Phragmites, and less total nitrogen reduction in above-ground biomass (25 to 24%) of Melaleuca in repeated cut compared to uncut regime. The significant negative correlation between Phragmites and Melaleuca total biomass was observed, and noticed that Phragmites acquired less biomass comparatively than Melaleuca in AC-untreated versus AC-treated pots across the cutting frequency. AC also caused significant changes to microbial community functions across Phragmites populations, namely nitrogen mineralization, nitrification, nitrogen microbial biomass and dehydrogenase activity (P ≤ 0.05) that may potentially explain changes in plant growth competition between Phragmites and Melaleuca. The overall effects on plant growth, however, may be partially microbially mediated, which was demonstrated through soil microbial functions. Results support the idea that reducing community vulnerability to invasion through nutrient (nitrogen) manipulations by AC with reducing biomass of invasive species may provide an effective strategy for invasive species management and ecosystem restoration.There are numerous global environmental issues ranging from climate change, global warming, pollution, biological invasion to loss of biodiversity and many more 1 . Amongst these, biological invasion has been considered the most persistent issue to cause biodiversity loss and species extinction placing negative impacts on natural communities and ecological characteristics 2,3 . In parallel, nutrient enrichment is augmenting the invasion process, and is considered a communal obstacle in impl...

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Responses of plant species diversity and soil physical-chemical-microbial properties to Phragmites australis invasion along a density gradient

Cited by 34 publications

References 69 publications

Invasive Nile tilapia dominates a threatened indigenous tilapia in competition over shelter

Invasive Nile tilapia dominates a threatened indigenous tilapia in competition over shelter

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and soil nutrient addition on the growth of Phragmites australis under different drying-rewetting cycles

Nitrogen immobilization may reduce invasibility of nutrient enriched plant community invaded by Phragmites australis

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