Responses of pontine units to skin‐temperature changes in the guinea‐pig

Hinckel, P.; Schröder-Rosenstock, K.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1981.sp013700

Cited by 46 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…One group of cells referred to as the ‘pontine thermoregulatory area’ has been reported to respond to skin-temperature changes in the guinea pig [47, 48, 49]. It was suggested that the responding cells might be identical to subcoeruleus catecholaminergic neurons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine Topography of Brain Areas Activated by Cold Stress

Baffi

Palkovits²

2000

Neuroendocrinology

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Neuronal activity in response to acute cold exposure was mapped in the central nervous system of adult rats using Fos immunostaining. A single, 3-hour exposure to cold elicited strong Fos-like immunoreactivity in the medial preoptic nucleus that is known as the thermoregulatory center of the brain. By this technique, pontine and medullary thermosensitive areas have been first localized and outlined anatomically. The medullary thermosensitive neurons occupy well-demarcated areas immediately ventral and dorsal to the spinal trigeminal nucleus, termed peritrigeminal and paratrigeminal nuclei, respectively. Cold-sensitive neurons were present in the dorsal part of the pontine reticular formation. Topographically, this area corresponds to the ‘pontine thermoregulatory area’, named on the basis of neurophysiological observations. In addition, thermosensitive neurons were found in the rostral thalamus and zona incerta. Several cell groups that showed strong Fos-like immunoreactivity in our previous pain-related stress experiments were also activated by cold exposure. The midline thalamic, hypothalamic dorsomedial, supramamillary and lateral parabrachial nuclei were targets of cold stress-induced noxious stimuli. Fos-positive neurons established specific topographical patterns in the paraventricular, arcuate, central amygdaloid nuclei, and the nucleus of the solitary tract. The possible involvement of central noradrenergic neurons in stress response to acute cold exposure was investigated by double immunostaining for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and Fos. None of the tyrosine hydroxylase positive neurons in the brain stem established Fos-like immunoreactivity, suggesting that the central noradrenergic system may have a minor, if any, role in cold-induced stress responses. Based on the topographical distribution of Fos-activated neurons, this study suggests that in addition to the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis, some other stress effector systems may play an important role in the maintenance of homeostasis during cold stress.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine Topography of Brain Areas Activated by Cold Stress

Baffi

Palkovits²

2000

Neuroendocrinology

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“…Discrete lesions of the anterior hypothalamus can lead to either hyperthermia or hypothermia, whereas lesions in the posterior hypothalamic nucleus tend to produce hypothermia. Hypothermia may also occur when there is damage to the reflex thermoregulatory pathways traversing the brainstem or spinal cord [5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous Periodic Hypothermia with Reduced Basal Temperature in a Patient of Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy Following Surgery for Cervical Spine Injury

Dawar¹,

Chhabra²

2016

JCR

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Abstract:A 45 years male presented with C5-C6 flexion-distraction injury with quadriplegia (ASIA-A), and after reduction, was operated for anterior stabilization and fusion. Twenty two hours after uneventful surgery, patient sustained hypoxic-ischemic-encephalopathy in an episode of seizure. Following this, he had multiple episodes of hypothermia (92°F) with bradycardia and desaturation, responding well to rewarming measures. Episodes were infrequent initially, subsequently became frequent, with basal readjustment of core temperature to 94°F, following which bradycardia and desaturation settled. Such instance of basal readjustment of core temperature in a cervical injured patient with ischemic brain injury has never been reported.

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“…Neurones in the nucleus raphe magnus (NRM), a circumscribed area in the lower brain-stem, have been shown to belong to the thermoafferent system (Dickenson, 1977;Hinckel & Schroder-Rosenstock, 1981;Hinckel et al 1991). The response of 58 single units in the nucleus raphe magnus (NRM) to changes in abdominal, thoracic and leg skin temperature was recorded in 30 anaesthetized guinea-pigs (1.41 g urethane per kg body weight I.P.).…”

Section: Umds (St Thomas's) M1eetlygmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proceedings of the Physiological Society, 15‐16 November 1991,UMDS (St. Thomas's) Meeting: Communications

1992

The Journal of Physiology

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SE] 7EHExtracellular acidosis reduces, and extracellular alkalosis increases, phasic contractions in detrusor strips elicited by field stimulation (Liston et al. 1991).An inward Ca2+ current, '('a' underlies the depolarizing phase of the action potential in isolated human detrusor smooth muscle cells , and the magnitude of this current is closely correlated to the strength of phasic contractions during several interventions Reduction of extracellular pH from 7.33 ± 0.02 to 6.78 ± 0.03 (6 mM NaHCO3) attenuated the magnitude of I('a by 9.8 ± 5.2 % (± S.D., n = 6, P < 0.03). An increase of extracellular pH to 7.62 ± 0.04 (48 mM NaHCO3) augmented the current by 9.5 ± 3.2% (± S.D., n = 5, P < 0.01). Steady-state activation curves were unaffected by these extracellular pH changes: half maximal activation voltages were -5.2 ± 4.6 mV (+ S.ID., n = 5), -5.3 ± 4.8 mV (n = 11) and -3.3 ± 6.6 mV (n = 6) in 48, 24 and 6 mM\1 NaHCO3, respectively. Time constants of inactivation were also unaffected by such pH changes: inactivation could be fitted by a single exponential process, r = 15.5 + 3.7 ms (± S.D., n = 5), 16.6 ± 2.4 ms (n = 11) and 18.5 ± 1.6 ms (n = 6), in 48, 24 and 6 mM NaHCO3, respectively. These interventions had corresponding effects on the action potential configuration; alkalosis increased and acidosis decreased the upstroke velocity confirming the dependence of this phase of the action potential on ICa. K+ (44 mM) produced a potential-dependent rise in the fluorescence ratio (340:380 nM) of isolated single cells loaded with Fura-2. Acidosis depressed and alkalosis increased the rate of rise of these fluorescence changes.These results demonstrate that extracellular pH influences ICa in a manner consistent with the inotropic actions of these interventions. The data further illustrate the linear relation between the magnitude of I(-and contractility.

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Responses of pontine units to skin‐temperature changes in the guinea‐pig

Cited by 46 publications

References 14 publications

Fine Topography of Brain Areas Activated by Cold Stress

Fine Topography of Brain Areas Activated by Cold Stress

Spontaneous Periodic Hypothermia with Reduced Basal Temperature in a Patient of Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy Following Surgery for Cervical Spine Injury

Proceedings of the Physiological Society, 15‐16 November 1991,UMDS (St. Thomas's) Meeting: Communications

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