Responses of the Asian Citrus Psyllid to Volatiles Emitted by the Flushing Shoots of Its Rutaceous Host Plants

Patt, Joseph M.; Sétamou, Mamoudou

doi:10.1603/en09216

Cited by 162 publications

(183 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This is mostly due to the fact that psyllids, like aphids, are presumed to be responsive to yellow-green (Mensah and Madden, 1992;Brennan and Weinbaum, 2001;Al-Jabr and Cranshaw, 2007;Hall et al, 2010), and therefore research has concentrated more on their olfactory responses (Valterovà et al, 1997;Soroker et al, 2004;Gross and Mekonen, 2005;Mayer et al, 2008;Patt and Sétamou, 2010). However, as in aphids, psyllids exhibit only weak chemotactic responses in the absence of visual cues (Hodkinson, 1974;Wenninger et al, 2009;Patt et al, 2011) and seem to possess an even less developed olfactory apparatuswhich may only operate in host alternating species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Related but not alike: not all Hemiptera are attracted to yellow

2014

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Most innate responses to color stimuli lead herbivorous insects to orient to "green" and "yellow" surfaces. Early research showed that aphid orientation to plants is influenced by foliar pigments and leads them to alight on leaves of a specific physiological state regardless of whether or not it is their actual host. In this study, we quantified the color preferences of four psyllids specialized on young to recently expanded leaves of different Eucalyptus hosts presenting distinct between (inter-specific) and within canopy (ontogenic) optical characteristics. Color preferences of Ctenarytaina eucalypti and C. bipartita were similar to those observed in aphids with more frequent selection of yellow and green stimuli, consistent with the coloration of their host leaves. However, attraction of Anoeconeossa bundoorensis and Glycaspis brimblecombei to a red stimulus contrasts strongly with the literature for hemipteran and herbivorous insects generally for which attraction to red is peculiar. Interestingly, both red-attracted species occur on the same host eucalypt, which expresses anthocyanic (red) young leaves. Our experiments demonstrate that these two species are sensitive to long wavelength radiation. Behavioral responses and modeling of putative "aphid-like" photoreceptors were conducted to investigate whether achromatic vision mediates perception of "red." Our results do not provide strong evidence for an intensity-dependant type of attraction. Nevertheless, the current knowledge of photoreceptors in Hemiptera identifies the achromatic pathway as the most likely mechanism for detecting long wavelengths. Thus, our findings highlight the need for physiological work with Psylloidae to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for such atypical responses. We discuss the ecological implications of our work in relation to red foliar pigments in expanding leaves of perennial plants which differs greatly from the thoroughly studied aphid-autumnal leaves system involving senescing foliage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Related but not alike: not all Hemiptera are attracted to yellow

2014

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“…In reality, the generation time is shorter for psyllids with the pathogen than for those without (20) and female psyllids with Liberibacter lay more eggs than those without (20). Moreover, the vectors may be more attracted to symptomatic than to asymptomatic flush (29), and this complex interrelationship is not addressed in this model. (iv) Symptomatic flush is assumed to be more infectious than asymptomatic flush on the basis of higher CLas DNA densities in symptomatic flush (22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling huanglongbing transmission within a citrus tree

Chiyaka

Singer

Halbert

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

100

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The citrus disease huanglongbing (HLB), associated with an uncultured bacterial pathogen, is threatening the citrus industry worldwide. A mathematical model of the transmission of HLB between its psyllid vector and citrus host has been developed to characterize the dynamics of the vector and disease development, focusing on the spread of the pathogen from flush to flush (a newly developing cluster of very young leaves on the expanding terminal end of a shoot) within a tree. This approach differs from that of prior models for vector-transmitted plant diseases where the entire plant is the unit of analysis. Dynamics of vector and host populations are simulated realistically as the flush population approaches complete infection. Model analysis indicates that vector activity is essential for initial infection but is not necessary for continued infection because infection can occur from flush to flush through internal movement in the tree. Flush production, withintree spread, and latent period are the most important parameters influencing HLB development. The model shows that the effect of spraying of psyllids depends on time of initial spraying, frequency, and efficacy of the insecticides. Similarly, effects of removal of symptomatic flush depend on the frequency of removal and the time of initiation of this practice since the start of the epidemic. Within-tree resistance to spread, possibly affected by inherent or induced resistance, is a major factor affecting epidemic development, supporting the notion that alternate routes of transmission besides that by the vector can be important for epidemic development.greening | Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus | Diaphorina citri

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“…β-elemene and β-phellandrene were the primary constituents of both samples, but only (+)-epi-bicyclosesquiphellandrene was detected in Las-infected young shoots. Patt and Sétamou (2010) reported that the quantitatively dominant constituents of the volatiles emitted by young shoots of the grapefruit cultivar Rio Red, Meyer lemon (Citrus×limon L. Burm.f.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oviposition and development of D. citri occur only on new flush shoots of rutaceous host plants (Hall & Albrigo, 2007;Patt & Sétamou, 2010). Recent studies have shown that infection with Las can induce changes in the volatile compounds emitted and nutritional composition of host plants.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies have shown that infection with Las can induce changes in the volatile compounds emitted and nutritional composition of host plants. D. citri had different responses to odors from the young shoots of different host plants (Mann et al, 2012;Patt & Sétamou, 2010). However, the host selection behaviors and chemical cues of adult D. citri on Las-infected and uninfected young shoots have yet to be evaluated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differences in Selection Behaviors and Chemical Cues of adult Asian Citrus Psyllids, Diaphorina citri, on Healthy and Huanglongbing-Infected Young Shoots of Citrus Plants

Zhao¹,

Wang²,

Zeng³

et al. 2013

JAS

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The pathogen Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las) causes devastating citrus huanglongbing in many parts of Asia. The host selection behavior of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Psyllidae), the only known Las vector, is critical to its epidemics. Las-infected citrus plants attract adult psyllids by altering their color and chemical cues. However, it is unclear whether any changes in selection behavior or chemical cues occur in young shoots. Selection behavior bioassays showed the number of adults and eggs on Las-infected shoots was significantly higher than on healthy shoots. Significantly more adults responded to the odor of Las-infected shoots than to that of uninfected shoots. GC-MS analysis of volatile constituents showed that the quantitatively dominant constituents were β-elemene and β-phellandrene in both samples, (+)-epi-bicyclosesquiphellandrene was only detected in Las-infected shoots, but ocimene, germacrene D, δ-cadinene, d-longifolene, and α-sinensal were detected only in healthy shoots. Analysis of the concentrations of surface-soluble carbohydrates indicated that the levels of sucrose, fructose, and glucose were significantly higher on the surfaces of Las-infected shoots than on the surfaces of healthy shoots. Alteration of volatile compounds and soluble surface carbohydrates of young shoots after Las infection could be attributed to the preference of Asian citrus psyllids for Las-infected young shoots. The knowledge obtained from this investigation may contribute to novel control measures for plant diseases transmitted by insect vectors.

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Responses of the Asian Citrus Psyllid to Volatiles Emitted by the Flushing Shoots of Its Rutaceous Host Plants

Cited by 162 publications

References 34 publications

Related but not alike: not all Hemiptera are attracted to yellow

Related but not alike: not all Hemiptera are attracted to yellow

Modeling huanglongbing transmission within a citrus tree

Differences in Selection Behaviors and Chemical Cues of adult Asian Citrus Psyllids, Diaphorina citri, on Healthy and Huanglongbing-Infected Young Shoots of Citrus Plants

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