Responses of Trace Elements to Aerobic Maximal Exercise in Elite Sportsmen

Abstract

Trace elements are chemical elements needed in minute quantities for the proper growth, development, and physiology of the organism. In biochemistry, a trace element is also referred to as a micronutrient. Trace elements, such as nickel, cadmium, aluminum, silver, chromium, molybdenum, germanium, tin, titanium, tungsten, scandium, are found naturally in the environment and human exposure derives from a variety of sources, including air, drinking water and food. The Purpose of this study was investigated the effect of aerobic maximal intensity endurance exercise on serum trace elements as well-trained individuals of 28 wrestlers (age (year) 19.64±1.13, weight (Kg) 70.07 ± 15.69, height (cm) 176.97 ± 6.69) during and after a 2000 meter Ergometer test protocol was used to perform aerobic (75 %) maximal endurance exercise. Trace element serum levels were analyzed from blood samples taken before, immediately after and one hour after the exercise. While an increase was detected in Chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni), Molybdenum (Mo) and Titanium (Ti) serum levels immediately after the exercise, a decrease was detected in Aluminum (Al), Scandium (Sc) and Tungsten (W) serum levels. Except for aluminum, the trace elements we worked on showed statistically meaningful responses (P<0.05 and P<0.001). According to the responses of trace elements to the exercise showed us the selection and application of the convenient sport is important not only in terms of sportsman performance but also in terms of future healthy life plans and clinically.

Chromium (III) and chromium (VI) as important players in the induction of genotoxicity – current view

“…The results of studies on animals indicate a potentially beneficial effect of chromium (III), e.g. on the prevention of diabetic microvascular complications in kidneys or on the prevention of atherosclerosis and heart disease, on glycaemic normalization, or as weight loss supplements [5,23,24,25]. However, other data do not support these results [21,26,27].…”

Influence of Physical Activity on Concentration of Macro- and Microelements in Physically Active Students’ Hair

“…As a matter of fact, the study of Afridi et al [20] showed that the hair of persons suffering from skin diseases possesses greater concentration of chromium than the hair of healthy subjects. Otag et al [26] found greater concentrate of chromium in the blood serum of elite athletes developing aerobic capacity comparing to the results obtained from combat sports athletes. Nevertheless, our research demonstrates statistically greater values (P < 0.012) of chromium in combat sports representatives' hair comparing to the values of athletes practicing endurance sports.…”

“…Among numerous publications about the role of necessary for a human macro-and microelements, scientific works dealing with the impact of training load on the concentration of these elements in hair or blood serum are found [24][25][26]. However, the studies dealing with the question of physical load character influence on concentration of macro-and microelements in physically active persons' hair are not enough yet.…”

Determination of Trace Cr(VI) with Diphenylcarbazide by μFIA–Thermal Lens Microscopy

“…[1][2][3][4] Currently available novel methods for trace Cr(VI) determination rely on chromium speciation based on ion chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography or solid phase or liquid-liquid extraction coupled to atomic absorption and emission spectrometry or ICP-MS, [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] To avoid the need for separation of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) selective reagents were proposed, which react selectively with Cr(VI), such as rhodamine B hydrazide for spectrofluorimetric detection, 12 or well known diphenylcarbazide for spectrophotometric determination, which was recently significantly improved in sensitivity by using long-pathlength molecular absorption spectroscopy, or optical waveguide sensors. [13][14][15][16] However, there are several problems of the determination of trace amounts of this metal-production monitoring in environmental analysis, 17 cosmetic industry, 18 rapid clinical diagnostics, 19 several problems of sports medicine 20 -require rapid monitoring or (and) speciation analysis, which cannot be implemented by these techniques. Moreover, solving these problems require developing compact instruments and tests providing the possibilities of rapid and mobile analysis and diagnostics with high sensitivity (at the level of 10-100 nmol L -1 or lower 1,2 but without stationary in-laboratory equipment for example in the case of ICP-AES and ICP-MS.…”