Responses of two genotypes of chicken to the diets and stocking densities typical of UK and ‘Label Rouge’ production systems: I. Performance, behaviour and carcass composition

Pd, Lewis; Perry, G. C.; Farmer, L.J.; Patterson, R. L. S.

doi:10.1016/s0309-1740(96)00084-8

Cited by 132 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Differences in the locomotive activity of young chicks is significantly influenced by genetics and has been shown to be reduced by 6 % in fastgrowing compared to slow-growing broiler breeds (Bizeray et al 2000;Bokkers and Koene 2003). Fast-growing broilers also showed a lower physical activity level than slow-growing broilers when performing other behaviours such as preening, stretching and ground pecking (Lewis et al 1997;Bokkers and Koene 2003). These behaviours were mostly performed on the spot in a sitting posture in the fast growing breeds resulting in less energy expenditure.…”

Section: Metabolic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding for efficiency in the broiler chicken: A review

Tallentire

Leinonen

Kyriazakis

2016

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

169

120

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Artificial selection of broiler chickens for commercial objectives has been employed at an unprecedented magnitude over the recent decades. Consequently, the number of days, total feed and in turn energy, required to raise a broiler to slaughter weight, have decreased dramatically. Feed provision is the poultry industry's biggest environmental hotspot; hence, understanding the interactions between the birds' genetic change and their energy use efficiency forms the necessary starting point for quantifying and predicting and thereby mitigating the future environmental impact of the poultry sector. This review assesses the consequences of artificial selection on the following traits: digestive efficiency, body composition and utilisation of metabolisable energy for growth and metabolic activity. The main findings were (1) the digestive system has been subjected to much physical change due to selection in the recent decades, but this has not led to any apparent change in digestion efficiency. (2) Both the energy intake per day and the metabolic heat production rate have increased in the recent decades whilst (3) the efficiency of utilising energy for growth has also increased; this is due to an increased growth rate, so that broilers reach slaughter weight more quickly and therefore need to allocate less energy overall to metabolic processes, with the exception of growth. (4) There may have been a reduction in the tendency to waste feed through spillage and carry out energetically expensive behaviors. There is a discrepancy in the literature with regards to the influence of selection on body composition and its contribution to feed efficiency. In this review, two scenarios are demonstrated, whereby body composition either has or has not altered via artificial selection. Understanding the effects of artificial selection on the traits that relate to the feed efficiency of the broilers will contribute towards the reduction of the environmental impacts that arise from such systems.

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Section: Metabolic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding for efficiency in the broiler chicken: A review

Tallentire

Leinonen

Kyriazakis

2016

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

169

120

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“…However, broiler chickens under a semi-intensive system were characterized by statistically significantly lower weight of abdominal fat deposition compared with chickens under an intensive system. Lower content of abdominal fat deposition was potentially caused by an increased motor activity in chickens (Lewis et al, 1997;Castelini et al, 2002;Dou et al, 2009). This is confirmed by the research carried out by Bogosavljević-Bošković et al (2006) on broilers Hybro G, in which proportion of abdominal fat deposition was respectively: 1.88% in free-range chickens and 1.98% in those under an intensive indoor system.…”

Section: The Effect Of Housing System On Muscle Content and Fattinessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With reference to this, proportions of main carcass parts (breasts, thighs and drumsticks), as well as presence of particular tissues in them, are considered to be significant parameters defining broiler meat quality (Lewis et al, 1997;Suto et al, 1998;Holcman et al, 2003;Ristic, 2003). The above mentioned quality traits depend on many biological factors, among others, on the genotype, sex and age (Lewis et al, 1997;Bokkers & Koene, 2003;Hellmeister et al, 2003;Sogunle et al, 2010). Among numerous non-genetic factors, the most important role plays broiler nutrition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Results of Rearing Broiler Chickens Under Various Systems

Kuźniacka

Adamski

Czarnecki

et al. 2014

JAS

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The aim of the study was comparison of the results of rearing broilers kept under intensive and semi-intensive systems, fed with complete feeds with an addition of various proportions of wheat grain. The study was carried out on 100 broilers, HUBBARD -FLEX, of both sexes. The birds were reared up to 42 days of age in an intensive system (group I), as well as in a semi-intensive system (group II). In the 5th week of rearing, in the nutrition of group II, 30% of complete feed was replaced with wheat grain, increasing its proportion in the dose up to 50% in the last week of rearing. System of keeping broilers did not affect significantly their bodyweight at the end of rearing, as well as their meat yield and muscle content in carcasses. Chicken fed with complete feeds, kept under an intensive system were distinguished by higher fattiness expressed as an abdominal fat weight, as well as by lower average intake of feed mixtures per individual broiler.

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“…In contrast, slow-growing broilers that were fed a low-nutrient diet apparently lacked the ability to increase feed consumption, so that feed conversion ratio worsened, although not significantly. In contrast, Lewis et al (1997) found that a low-nutrient diet resulted in slower growth for both fast-growing and slow-growing broilers. However, in that study, there was more protein relative to energy in the conventional diet than in the low-nutrient diet, and the feed intake did not increase.…”

Section: Figure 36 Daily Body Weight Gain and Feed Conversion Ratio mentioning

confidence: 85%

Sustainability of livestock production systems : a comparing conventional and organic livestock husbandry

Wagenberg¹,

Haas²,

Hogeveen³

et al. 2016

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This study analysed peer-reviewed literature comparing conventional and organic livestock production systems on sustainability indicators within the topics of economy, productivity, environment, animal welfare and public health. For many indicators, insufficient data were found to draw any conclusions on a difference. The strong points of both conventional and organic livestock production systems were used to formulate lessons learned for sustainable livestock production systems. As sustainability indicators often interact with other sustainability indicators in opposing directions, sustainable livestock production should be approached as a multi-criteria problem optimising a balanced combination of sustainability indicators in all topics.Deze studie heeft wetenschappelijke literatuur geanalyseerd, die conventionele en biologische dierlijke productiesystemen kwantitatief vergelijkt op duurzaamheidsindicatoren binnen de onderwerpen economie, productiviteit, milieu, dierenwelzijn en volksgezondheid. Voor veel indicatoren zijn onvoldoende gegevens gevonden om conclusies te trekken over een verschil. Gevonden sterke punten van zowel conventionele als biologische systemen zijn gebruikt om lessen te trekken voor duurzame veehouderij. Aangezien duurzaamheidsindicatoren vaak onderling samenhangen in tegenstrijdige richting moet een duurzame veehouderij gezien worden als een multicriteria beslissingsprobleem, waarin een gebalanceerde combinatie van indicatoren uit alle duurzaamheidsonderwerpen moet worden geoptimaliseerd.

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Responses of two genotypes of chicken to the diets and stocking densities typical of UK and ‘Label Rouge’ production systems: I. Performance, behaviour and carcass composition

Cited by 132 publications

References 3 publications

Breeding for efficiency in the broiler chicken: A review

Breeding for efficiency in the broiler chicken: A review

Results of Rearing Broiler Chickens Under Various Systems

Sustainability of livestock production systems : a comparing conventional and organic livestock husbandry

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