Responses of various types of antennas to the globally distributed air-earth current monitored at Maitri, Antarctica

Jeeva, K.; Seemala, G. K.; Selvaraj, C.; Rathod, Gopalsingh; Kamra, A. K.; Sinha, A. K.

doi:10.1016/j.polar.2021.100657

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Different types of antennas are used to sense the AEC and are elaborated on by Jeeva et al. (2021). In the present study, the current sensed by a 10 m long‐wire antenna is used.…”

Section: Instrumentation and Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The time constant of the electrometer is maintained at ∼ 1,000 s which is nearly equal to the relaxation time of the GEC (Burns et al, 2012). Jeeva et al (2021) measured the current density with different R-C time constants in different electrometers. The results from all the electrometers showed a similar result.…”

Section: Electric Field Monitor and Electrometermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jeeva et al. (2021) measured the current density with different R‐C time constants in different electrometers. The results from all the electrometers showed a similar result.…”

Section: Instrumentation and Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In remote locations, the stepped-range voltage technique is applied to standardize the unit of the PG. More technical information is provided by Jeeva et al (2016Jeeva et al ( , 2021.…”

Section: Electric Field Monitor and Electrometermentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Global Representativeness of Fair‐Weather Atmospheric Electricity Parameters From the Coastal Station Maitri, Antarctica

Jeeva¹,

Sinha

Seemala

et al. 2023

JGR Atmospheres

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Atmospheric electricity parameters (AEP) measurements from Antarctica predominantly feature either the potential gradient (PG) and/or air‐Earth current (AEC) density. We report for the first time simultaneous measurements of the bipolar ions concentration/conductivity, PG, and AEC density. AEP measurements were carried out at Maitri (70.8°S, 11.8°E) from December 2018 to November 2019. We formulated a few criteria, irrespective of the weather conditions, to select the electrically quiet days and some additional criteria based on the conductivity measurements to discern globally representative data (GRD) from such days. The measurements of the PG and AEC density over the Antarctic plateau demonstrated the diurnal curves similar to the Carnegie pattern, which represents the global thunderstorms and electrified shower clouds (ESCs) occurring on different continents and oceans, we regard the data having such trend as GRD. We found significant variability in the concentration of small bipolar ions/conductivity in the austral summer which in turn affects GRD. However, the concentration of bipolar ions is nearly consistent at ∼250 negative ions cm−3 and ∼300 positive ions cm−3 in winter and enhances the probability of GRD. Such differences can arise out of the prevalent planetary boundary layer processes in the two seasons. When the PG varied between ∼50 Vm−1 and ∼150 Vm−1 and the maximum range of conductivity variations was ∼0.2 × 10−14 ℧ m−1, the AEPs represented the signatures of the global thunderstorm and ESC activities.

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“…Different types of antennas are used to sense the AEC and are elaborated on by Jeeva et al. (2021). In the present study, the current sensed by a 10 m long‐wire antenna is used.…”

Section: Instrumentation and Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electric Field Monitor and Electrometermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jeeva et al. (2021) measured the current density with different R‐C time constants in different electrometers. The results from all the electrometers showed a similar result.…”

Section: Instrumentation and Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In remote locations, the stepped-range voltage technique is applied to standardize the unit of the PG. More technical information is provided by Jeeva et al (2016Jeeva et al ( , 2021.…”

Section: Electric Field Monitor and Electrometermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Global Representativeness of Fair‐Weather Atmospheric Electricity Parameters From the Coastal Station Maitri, Antarctica

Jeeva¹,

Sinha

Seemala

et al. 2023

JGR Atmospheres

Self Cite

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“…Maxwell current measurements in atmospheric electricity, whether during a thunderstorm or in fair weather, are usually made with a piece of metal placed horizontally to the ground (this sensor is commonly referred to as a flat antenna or a Wilson plate for fair weather measurements) [9][10][11] or a long wire antenna [12][13][14]. An antenna isolated from Earth's surface constitutes an atmospheric capacitor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation Analysis of Sensors with Different Geometry Used in Measurements of Atmospheric Electricity

Sobolewski,

Kubicki

2023

Sensors

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The atmospheric electric current, “air–earth current”, flows between the low ionosphere and Earth’s surface. The source of this current is the potential difference between the global equalizing layer called the ionosphere and the ground surface. According to Wilson’s concept of the Earth’s Global Electric Circuit, in the areas of so-called fair weather, based on current measurements at the Earth’s surface, it is possible to conclude the global electrical processes in the ionosphere and higher layers. The theoretical basis for this inference is the law of continuity of electric current or the principle of conservation of electric charge. We present the results of simulations of the distribution of electric field lines for sensors with different geometries placed in a uniform electric field, representing the atmospheric electric field. The sensors are metal surfaces on which electric charges are induced or deposited. In the external measuring circuit to which the sensor is connected, an electric current [A] will flow, related to the air–earth current density [A/m2], but their relationship may be challenging to interpret. We analyze the impact of sensor geometry on the possibility of interpreting the atmospheric electric conduction and atmospheric displacement current based on the current measured in the external circuit. This present method can be used for the geometric construction of new sensors at the stage of determining the electrical characteristics of the sensor (e.g., effective collecting area). It can support the comprehensive design of a measurement system at the interface between an atmosphere, sensor, and electronic equipment.

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Recent Indian contribution in the realms of polar studies

Pant,

Meloth,

Dimri

et al. 2024

Proc.Indian Natl. Sci. Acad.

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Responses of various types of antennas to the globally distributed air-earth current monitored at Maitri, Antarctica

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

The Global Representativeness of Fair‐Weather Atmospheric Electricity Parameters From the Coastal Station Maitri, Antarctica

The Global Representativeness of Fair‐Weather Atmospheric Electricity Parameters From the Coastal Station Maitri, Antarctica

Simulation Analysis of Sensors with Different Geometry Used in Measurements of Atmospheric Electricity

Recent Indian contribution in the realms of polar studies

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