Responses to clicks from the human brain: Some depth electrographic observations

Chatrian, Gian Emilio; Petersen, Magnus C.; Lazarte, Jorge A.

doi:10.1016/0013-4694(60)90024-9

Cited by 85 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Sem-Jacobsen et al (1956) and Chatrian et al (1960) were the earliest investigators to record auditory evoked activity directly from cortex deep within the lateral fissure in humans. Unfortunately, in their studies anatomical reconstructions of the recording electrodes were not carried out to determine accurately the recording locations; thus, directly relating our results to theirs is not possible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) obtained in response to a wide range of both simple and complex sound have been recorded directly from the superior temporal plane of neurosurgical patients both acutely in the operating room (Sem-Jacobsen et al, 1956;Chatrian et al, 1960;Celesia and Pulleti, 1969, 1970, 1971Puletti and Celesia, 1970;Celesia, 1976) or chronically through implanted multi-channel depth electrodes (Lee et al, 1984;Liegeois-Chauvel et al, 1991, 1994Howard et al 1996bHoward et al , 2000Steinschneider et al, 1999Steinschneider et al, , 2005Fishman et al, 2001;Yvert et al,. 2002Yvert et al,.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional localization of auditory cortical fields of human: Click-train stimulation

et al. 2008

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Averaged auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) to bilaterally presented 100 Hz click trains were recorded from multiple sites simultaneously within Heschl's gyrus (HG) and on the posterolateral surface of the superior temporal gyrus (STG) in epilepsy-surgery patients. Three auditory fields were identified based on AEP waveforms and their distribution. Primary (core) auditory cortex was localized to posteromedial HG. Here the AEP was characterized by a robust polyphasic lowfrequency field potential having a short onset latency and on which was superimposed a smaller frequency-following response to the click train. Core AEPs exhibited the lowest response threshold and highest response amplitude at one HG site with threshold rising and amplitude declining systematically on either side of it. The AEPs recorded anterolateral to the core, if present, were typically of low amplitude, with little or no evidence of short-latency waves or the frequency-following response that characterized core AEPs. We suggest that this area is part of a lateral auditory belt system. Robust AEPs, with waveforms demonstrably different from those of the core or lateral belt, were localized to the posterolateral surface of the STG and conform to previously described field PLST. 3-6

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional localization of auditory cortical fields of human: Click-train stimulation

et al. 2008

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“…Mainly, these studies showed, in a small number of psychiatric patients, activation of abnormal waves which bore no one-to-one relation to the pure tone intermittent stimulus (Gastaut et al 1949;Goldman 1952;O'Flanagan and Gibson 1951). Still other studies, using implanted electrodes, showed single subcortical spikes in response to individual clicks (Chatrain et al 1960;SereJacobsen et al 1956). To the knowledge of the author, however, the existence of auditory driving of the cortical rhythms themselves remained undetermined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory driving observed with scalp electrodes in normal subjects

1961

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology

123

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“…Although the medial geniculate and polysensory nuclei of the thalamus may give rise to the earlier components in the middle latency range, the scalp distribution of the later wave forms (including Pa) over wide areas of association cortex suggests a cortical origin (6,8,10). Other evidence for a cortical origin of MLRs (especially wave Pa) involving primary auditory and/or association cortex stems largely from intracranial recordings in humans (7,(25)(26)(27)(28)(29) and studies in patients with temporal lobe lesions (30)(31)(32). Studies in the cat implicate the auditory cortex as a generator site for the analogue of wave Pa (33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle Latency Auditory Evoked Potentials Sleep Apneics During Waking and as a Function of Arterial Oxygen Saturation During Apneas

Mosko

Knipher

Sassin

et al. 1984

Sleep

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Summary: In adults with obstructive sleep apnea middle latency auditory evoked responses were recorded as a function of apnea-related arterial oxygen desaturation both before sleep onset and during nocturnal sleep. In waking, wave Pa latency was normal in five of six subjects, and Pa amplitude was normal in all. During sleep apneas, wave Pa remained stable even during intervals of severe oxygen desaturation (e.g., 45-90% and 50-84% saturation in two subjects). Furthermore, wave Pa recorded immediately on awakening in the morning was unaltered compared with the response recorded just prior to sleep onset, despite a high frequency of nocturnal apneas in all subjects. These data indicate that repetitive nocturnal oxygen desaturation associated with severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome has neither immediate nor cumulative measurable effects on the functioning of neurons that sub serve the middle latency evoked response. These findings are discussed in relation to a possible cortical contribution to the middle latency response. Key Words: Evoked potentials-Sleep apnea-Middle latency auditory evoked potentials.. InPatients with sleep apnea syndrome exhibit a variable constellation of physiological, behavioral, and psychological manifestations (see 1, for review). These may include hypnagogic hallucinations, enuresis, nightmares, abnormal motor activity during sleep, and morning awakening with headache and/or confusional states with memory impairment and spatial and temporal disorientation. Daytime functioning can be further compromised by incapacitating sleepiness, excessive fatigability, dizziness, impaired concentration, automatic behaviors (often with retrograde amnesia), personality changes (irritability, anxiety, depression), impotence, and diminished libido. This spectrum of clinical findings raises the possibility that brain function may be compromised by the repeated episodes of oxygen deprivation that accompany sleep apneas, and/or that apneas are a manifestation of central nervous system (eNS) dysfunction. Transient apnea-related decreases in arterial oxygen

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Responses to clicks from the human brain: Some depth electrographic observations

Cited by 85 publications

References 26 publications

Functional localization of auditory cortical fields of human: Click-train stimulation

Functional localization of auditory cortical fields of human: Click-train stimulation

Auditory driving observed with scalp electrodes in normal subjects

Middle Latency Auditory Evoked Potentials Sleep Apneics During Waking and as a Function of Arterial Oxygen Saturation During Apneas

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