Responses to drought stress in Prunus sargentii and Larix kaempferi seedlings using morphological and physiological parameters

Bhusal, Narayan; Lee, Minsu; Han, Ah Reum; Han, Areum; Kim, Hyun‐Seok

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118099

Cited by 132 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…This higher efficiency under dehydrating conditions of secondary needles is in agreement with experiments comparing seedlings of P. canariensis with both needle types developed under very arid conditions [17]. Drought experiments under controlled conditions have shown increasing LMA and decreasing A N in seedlings of some conifers [64] and a reduced leaf/area ratio in seedlings of P. canariensis, in which interaction with irradiance conditions was markedly relevant, i.e., more drastic effects of drought were obtained in a shade environment [65]. However, none of these studies has compared physiological responses of primary vs. secondary needles, which could increase our current understanding about the influence that leaf anatomical differences have on the functioning of P. canariensis needles.…”

Section: Water Relations and Stress Tolerancesupporting

confidence: 89%

Coexistent Heteroblastic Needles of Adult Pinus canariensis C.Sm. ex DC. in Buch Trees Differ Structurally and Physiologically

Fernández‐Marín

Ruiz-Medina

Miranda

et al. 2021

Forests

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Great variation in shape and size between primary (juvenile) and secondary (adult) needles, so-called leaf-heteroblasty, occurs in several Pinus species. Most of them loss primary needles during the juvenile-to-adult transition of the tree. An exception to this is Pinus canariensis (a Canary Islands endemism) in which basal resprouting twigs of adult trees frequently wear both primary and secondary needles. Taking advantage of this extraordinary study-case-species, we conducted an exhaustive comparison of both needle types through quantitative analyses of needle anatomy, photochemical performance, gas exchange, and resistance to extreme dehydration and to extreme needle temperature. We hypothesized that primary needles would show lower investment to leaf structure but higher photosynthetical efficiency. Primary needles had less stomatal density and thicker and less wettable cuticles. In cross section, primary needles showed smaller structural fraction (e.g., percent of hypodermis, endodermis and vascular tissue) and higher fraction of photosynthetic parenchyma. Significant differences between primary and secondary needles were not found in net carbon assimilation not in their leaf mass area values. Interestingly, secondary needles showed higher electron transport rate, and they were additionally much more efficient in retaining water under severe and controlled desiccant conditions. When subjected to extreme temperatures (−10° to +50 °C), primary needles recovered better their photochemical efficiency than secondary needles, after +46° and +48 °C heat-shock treatments. Our results indicate that both needle types broaden the diversity of physiological responses against environmental constrains in basal twigs of adult P. canariensis trees. Considering that this is a fire-resistant and resprouting species, this advantage could be particularly useful after a drastic environmental change such a fire or a gap opening in the forest.

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Section: Water Relations and Stress Tolerancesupporting

confidence: 89%

Coexistent Heteroblastic Needles of Adult Pinus canariensis C.Sm. ex DC. in Buch Trees Differ Structurally and Physiologically

Fernández‐Marín

Ruiz-Medina

Miranda

et al. 2021

Forests

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“…[42,109,110] in addition to whole-plant water availability [4,[111][112][113][114][115]. Therefore, the effect of midday depression due to stomatal closure [60,110,112,115] and photoinhibition [60,112] also would significantly alter the daily carbon gain of leaves. Furthermore, the strength of such effects may differ between sun and shade leaves [60,112,115].…”

Section: Morphological Acclimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the effect of midday depression due to stomatal closure [60,110,112,115] and photoinhibition [60,112] also would significantly alter the daily carbon gain of leaves. Furthermore, the strength of such effects may differ between sun and shade leaves [60,112,115]. Further detailed studies are therefore needed to reconfirm our findings before generation.…”

Section: Morphological Acclimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photosynthetic and Morphological Acclimation to High and Low Light Environments in Petasites japonicus subsp. giganteus

Deguchi

Koyama

2020

Forests

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Within each species, leaf traits such as light-saturated photosynthetic rate or dark respiration rate acclimate to local light environment. Comparing only static physiological traits, however, may not be sufficient to evaluate the effects of such acclimation in the shade because the light environment changes diurnally. We investigated leaf photosynthetic and morphological acclimation for a perennial herb, butterbur (Petasites japonicus (Siebold et Zucc.) Maxim. subsp. giganteus (G.Nicholson) Kitam.) (Asteraceae), in both a well-lit clearing and a shaded understory of a temperate forest. Diurnal changes in light intensity incident on the leaves were also measured on a sunny day and an overcast day. Leaves in the clearing were more folded and upright, whereas leaves in the understory were flatter. Leaf mass per area (LMA) was approximately twofold higher in the clearing than in the understory, while light-saturated photosynthetic rate and dark respiration rate per unit mass of leaf were similar between the sites. Consequently, both light-saturated photosynthetic rate and dark respiration rate per unit area of leaf were approximately twofold higher in the clearing than in the understory, consistent with previous studies on different species. Using this experimental dataset, we performed a simulation in which sun and shade leaves were hypothetically exchanged to investigate whether such plasticity increased carbon gain at each local environment. As expected, in the clearing, the locally acclimated sun leaves gained more carbon than the hypothetically transferred shade leaves. By contrast, in the understory, the daily net carbon gain was similar between the simulated sun and shade leaves on the sunny day due to the frequent sunflecks. Lower LMA and lower photosynthetic capacity in the understory reduced leaf construction cost per area rather than maximizing net daily carbon gain. These results indicate that information on static photosynthetic parameters may not be sufficient to evaluate shade acclimation in forest understories.

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“…Theoretically, tree growth can to some extent cope with intensified drought via various physiological mechanisms. First, trees can shift their behaviors in terms of coupling of water and carbon processes, including reducing shoot water potential and opening of the stomata and increasing water use efficiency (Trahan and Schubert 2016;Bhusal et al 2020). Second, trees can adapt their water use strategy to seasonal changes in plant water supply, as evidenced by a clear shift in water uptake from shallow soil layers in early growing-season to deeper soil layers in late growing-season in our study (Fig.…”

Section: Vulnerability Of Tree Growth To Droughtmentioning

confidence: 64%

Compensation effect of winter snow on larch growth in Northeast China

Huang

et al. 2021

Climatic Change

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Winter snow plays a crucial role in regulating tree growth during the subsequent growing season in regions suffering seasonal or even annual drought stress, but the mechanisms of the potential compensation effect of winter snow on subsequent growing-season tree growth are not well understood. In this study, we establish tree-ring chronologies of six larch forest stands along a marked drought gradient across Northeast China. We identify the spatial pattern in the compensation effects of winter snow on subsequent growing-season tree radial growth and uncover a potentially enhanced compensation effect in drier climates. Our results indicate that in snow-rich sites, winter snow tends to exert a significantly positive effect on tree growth during the growing season, whereas this growth compensation effect is reduced in drier sites. More importantly, our findings identify a much higher compensation effect of winter snow on growing-season larch growth in drier years (24.4–48.0%) than in wetter years (6.1–8.1%) at snow-rich sites. Given the projected increase in both severity and duration of droughts in temperate regions, the potential compensation effect of winter snow could play a crucial role in mediating the adaptation ability of boreal/hemi-boreal forest ecosystems in response to a warmer and drier future climate in these regions.

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Responses to drought stress in Prunus sargentii and Larix kaempferi seedlings using morphological and physiological parameters

Cited by 132 publications

References 76 publications

Coexistent Heteroblastic Needles of Adult Pinus canariensis C.Sm. ex DC. in Buch Trees Differ Structurally and Physiologically

Coexistent Heteroblastic Needles of Adult Pinus canariensis C.Sm. ex DC. in Buch Trees Differ Structurally and Physiologically

Photosynthetic and Morphological Acclimation to High and Low Light Environments in Petasites japonicus subsp. giganteus

Compensation effect of winter snow on larch growth in Northeast China

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