Responsibility, Prevalence and Major Factors of Infertility. A Cross-Sectional Study in Karachi

Khan, Ayesha; Barkat, Neelam; Afzal, Sidra; Shehla,

doi:10.29052/ijehsr.v3.i2.2015.01-07

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…They were fixed in 10% formalin of all experimental animals. After processing, tissues were embedded in paraffin and cut into 5-6 micrometer sections on a microtome and stained with H & E (Hematoxylin and Eosin) for Johnson's scoring, which was used for assessing spermatogenesis 12,13 . For this, slides were observed at 40X magnification under the light microscope.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ascorbic Acid on Methylphenidate Induced Decreased Spermatogenesis in Albino Rats

Iqbal

Hameed

Kamran

et al. 2022

ashkmdc

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Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the anti-oxidative potential of ascorbic acid on methylphenidate induced decreased spermatogenesis and decreased testosterone levels in male Albino rats. Methods: This experimental study was performed on twelve-week-old Albino male rats selected through randomized sampling technique divided into three groups. Only healthy male rats of the same age and weighing between 180 to 200 gms were included, and any rat was appearing sick or had less weight than 180gms and aged less than 12 weeks were excluded. Control group A received 2 ml of normal saline for 50 days. Group B was given 2mg/day methylphenidate per oral for 50 days, and Group C received 2mg /day methylphenidate for 50 days, then ascorbic acid 50mg/day for 10 days. After 60 days, rats were dissected, testes were removed and histologically examined for spermatogenesis by Johnson's scoring, and blood samples were collected to evaluate testosterone levels. Results: On histological examination, the testes of animals of Group B showed a statistically significant decrease in Johnson's score (p-value < 0.001) with disruption of germinal epithelium and absence of mature sperms. These findings were associated with reduced levels of serum testosterone in this group. Administration of Ascorbic acid (AA) to group C showed statistically improved Johnson score and testosterone levels compared to group B. Conclusion: It has been concluded that administering Ascorbic Acid can improve decreased spermatogenesis and serum testosterone levels induced by methylphenidater

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ascorbic Acid on Methylphenidate Induced Decreased Spermatogenesis in Albino Rats

Iqbal

Hameed

Kamran

et al. 2022

ashkmdc

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“…Primary sub-fertility occurs when a couple has never been conceived, and the prevalence of primary subfertility is 5.52% in the Colombo district in Sri Lanka [7] . Subfertility is due to a wide spectrum of abnormalities found in either partner or sometimes both including ovulatory disorders, tubal disease, endometriosis, chromosomal abnormalities, sperm factors, sexual dysfunctions and unexplained sub-fertility [8] . Despite clinical and genetic reasons, lifestyle factors such as exercise, dietary patterns, smoking and mental stress have a great impact on the fertility, [10] the lifestyle factors are the behaviours and circumstances, that can be modified and subsequently contribute to improving the health and wellbeing of the people.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sub-fertility and life style factors which affecting sub-fertility among women in Regional Director of Health Service area, Colombo

Gajanayake,

Munasinghe,

Kalubowila

et al. 2024

Sri Lankan J Med Admin

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Background: Sub-fertility is one of the leading health issues with its economic and social implications in Sri Lanka and changes in lifestyles of the people have a great impact on it.Objective: To determine the association between selected lifestyle factors and sub-fertility among women in the Regional Director of Health Service area, Colombo.Methods: A case control study was conducted among sub-fertile (n=170) and fertile (n=340) women as case and control respectively. A pre-tested, structured interviewer administered questionnaire, which underwent face, content validity and reliability (Cronbach’s alpha= 0.8) was used. Chi-square, Mann-Whitney, two-way ANOVA, independent sample t- test and odds ratio (OR) were performed.Results: The mean age at marriage was 25.1±3.1 years and 26.5±3 years for fertile and sub-fertile women, respectively. Level of education of both groups was not significantly different (p= 0.120, 95% CI). Islamic women have high fertility than others. Vigorous physical activities were significantly high among sub-fertile women (p=0.000; 95%CI 1.08-1.59). OR for passive smoking for fertile women was 1.3, (95%CI). Sub-fertile women experienced a lack of full restful sleep than fertile women (p=0.001, 95%CI) and majority of sub-fertile women (63.8%) recorded high levels of stress.Conclusion: Vigorous physical activities, exposure to passive smoking, lack of full restful sleep, and having high levels of stress have the negative effects on fertility. Therefore, counselling sessions for the sub-fertile couples and a sensitization programme for newly married couples on lifestyle factors by the primary health care staff are recommended.

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“…8,11 ,12,13 Also in Pakistan, about 41% cases have been reported due to female factors. 14 The most common cause of infertility in females is ovulatory dysfunction (25-53%) which usually occurs due to defect in hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis 13 , tubal damage (22-26%), fibroids and endometriosis accounts also for 15% cases while 11% cases are unknown in origin. 15 The simplest way to evaluate infertility is hormonal analysis 16 and thyroid ailment is one of the commonest endocrine disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Disorders;

Rahman

Saeed

Zia

et al. 2019

TPMJ

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Infertility has been considered as a worldwide global health issue. It is a human nature that every couple wants to have children so that the relationship can become stronger. Defect in thyroid hormone levels is one of the factors which can lead to reproductive cycle disorders and thus infertility results. Objectives: The purpose of current study was to investigate the levels of thyroid hormones in primary infertile and fertile females in order to evaluate the prevalence of thyroid disordsers. Study Design: Case control study. Place of Study: Outdoor of gynecology department of Madinah Teaching Hospital, Faisalabad. Duration of Study: 6 months from July to December 2017. Material and Methods: The study enrolled total 91 females of reproductive age 20-35 years which included 45 primary infertile females and 46 fertile females. They were divided into two groups. Group I: case/primary infertile women group (n= 45) and Group II: control /fertile females group (n= 46). Data was collected by taking history and clinical examination. Hormonal profile including fT3, fT4 and TSH was done by means of chemiluminescentimmunoassay. Results were analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Results: Most of the infertile females were euthyroid and hyperthyroidism was the most common thyroid disorder. The prevalence of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism was about 9.3% and 26.7% respectively. The p-value showed the non-significant difference in the levels of fT3, fT4 and TSH between primary infertile and fertile females.Significant positive correlation between fT3 and fT4 while non-significant negative correlation was observed between fT3 & TSH and fT4& TSH in primary infertile females. Conclusion: Infertile females with menstrual irregularities should be advised thyroid profile in order to avoid other unnecessary investigations. Evaluation of thyroid status in the infertile couple is not only important but also easy because its treatment is very simple and often has revocable effects on subfertility.

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Responsibility, Prevalence and Major Factors of Infertility. A Cross-Sectional Study in Karachi

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Effect of Ascorbic Acid on Methylphenidate Induced Decreased Spermatogenesis in Albino Rats

Effect of Ascorbic Acid on Methylphenidate Induced Decreased Spermatogenesis in Albino Rats

Sub-fertility and life style factors which affecting sub-fertility among women in Regional Director of Health Service area, Colombo

Thyroid Disorders;

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