RESPUESTA DEL MAÍZ (Zea mays L.) A LA APLICACIÓN FOLIAR DE ABONOS ORGÁNICOS LÍQUIDOS

Abstract

Maize (Zea mays L.) is a worldwide staple food, cultivated using mainly mineral fertilizers and other soil degradation practices. Biofertilizers are an alternative to help limit soil degradation and improve crop productivity. This research aims to determine maize response to foliar applications of liquid organic fertilizers. A completely randomized block design with five treatments was used: hydrolyzed fish (T1), Neem oil (T2), digested liquid bovine manure (T3), NPK fertilization (T4), and the control (T5). The results show that maize plants with conventional fertilization reached the lowest number of days to male (51.50) and female flowering (53.50), and the highest ear height (101.25 cm). Maize plants with NPK fertilization and those receiving liquid bovine manure recorded the highest values in extended ear length (18.17 and 16.44 cm, respectively); number of grains per row (32 and 29 units, respectively); and grain yield (7.32 and 6.95 t·ha -1 respectively). There were no significant differences in the number of rows per ear. The highest cost-effectiveness was obtained with liquid bovine manure (54.01%), followed by NPK (52.61%). In conclusion, foliar applications of digested liquid bovine manure result in similar yields and higher cost-effectiveness to those obtained by conventional NPK fertilization.

Respuesta Del Maiz a La Aplicación De Consorcio Microbiano Y Su Combinacion Con Biol, en Condiciones De Trópico Seco

“…La floración femenina se retrasó 10 días en comparación con la floración masculina en todos los tratamientos, especialmente en la variedad Marginal 28T, que en experimentos similares con bioabonos en trópico seco reporta 4 a 6 días de diferencia entre el inicio de floración masculina y la femenina (Díaz-Chuquizuta et al, 2022). Durante este experimento se reportó solo en mes de mayo la mayor precipitación acumulada (135.70 mm), a diferencia de otros meses, esto coincidió con los estados fenológicos V12 (doce hojas) y VT (inicio de antesis), y afecto provocando encharcamiento característicos en suelos de textura arcillosa, cuyos espacios de aire son limitados entre sus partículas del suelo, tiene más microporos y con lluvias prolongadas, disminuye la aireación al retener más agua, limitando los espacios de aire entre las partículas, esto es perjudicial en las raíces, para el desarrollo óptimo de las plantas, ya que desempeña un papel importante en diversos procesos metabólicos prioritarios entre ellos la fijación simbiótica de nitrógeno y la absorción de nutrientes a través de las raíces que tienen impacto en el crecimiento y desarrollo general de la planta como se aprecia en la variable de floración (Pineda-Pineda et al, 2020).…”

Maize and Soya Bean Response to the Residual Influence of Early-Season Cropping System and Fertiliser Applications

“…Soil fertility depletion through continuous cropping has necessitated measures to maintain or improve soil nutrient status for consistent high crop yield. Most of the approaches to consistency in high crop yields focus on the use of fertilisers, improved cropping systems and the development of genetically improved crop varieties (Díaz-Chuquizuta et al, 2022;Rodríguez-Pérez et al, 2023). In the Southern Guinea Savannah of Nigeria, fertiliser application for crop performance enhancement is necessary in order to improve the living conditions of farmers.…”

“…Fertilisers are either applied in the form of biofertilisers, inorganic and organic fertilizers or the combination of inorganic and organic forms (organomineral fertilisers (OMFs)) (Ohyama et al, 2017;Díaz-Chuquizuta et al, 2022). The application of inorganic fertilisers provides nutrients instantaneously to the crops (Ohyama et al, 2017;Díaz-Chuquizuta et al, 2022).…”

“…Fertilisers are either applied in the form of biofertilisers, inorganic and organic fertilizers or the combination of inorganic and organic forms (organomineral fertilisers (OMFs)) (Ohyama et al, 2017;Díaz-Chuquizuta et al, 2022). The application of inorganic fertilisers provides nutrients instantaneously to the crops (Ohyama et al, 2017;Díaz-Chuquizuta et al, 2022). Despite the high cost of inorganic fertilisers, they have minimal effects on the subsequent crops (Porte et al, 2022), while their frequent application leads to soil acidification and soil organic matter reduction, thus threatening soil health (Mumbach et al, 2019).…”