Resting and dobutamine stress test induced serum concentrations of brain natriuretic peptide in German Shepherd dogs

Kosić, Ljubica Spasojević; Trailović, Dragiša; Matunovic, Radomir

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2012.04.002

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…However, dogs with naturally occurring, chronic MMVD might have different types of myocardial damage and myocardial function. Although previous studies in dogs demonstrated that dobutamine stress echocardiography was feasible, safe, and repeatable for conscious dogs, [8][9][10][11] older and diseased dogs may experience some adverse effects, such as arrhythmias. Future studies to assess safety in older conscious dogs are needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,7 Because high-quality echocardiographic images are more easily obtained during pharmacologically induced stress than those generated during exercise-induced stress, dobutamine stress tests can be performed repeatedly and safely in conscious dogs to assess myocardial function. 8,9 Furthermore, previous studies in dogs have indicated that dobutamine stress tests are sensitive and reliable methods for the early detection of cardiac dysfunction. 10,11 Cardiac function, however, has not been assessed using dobutamine infusion in dogs with MR.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography for Assessment of Systolic Function in Dogs with Experimentally Induced Mitral Regurgitation

Suzuki

Matsumoto

Teshima

et al. 2014

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundSystolic dysfunction is associated with poor outcomes in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease. However, assessment of systolic variables by conventional echocardiographic methods is difficult in these dogs because of mitral regurgitation (MR).HypothesisWe hypothesized that assessment of systolic function by dobutamine stress may identify systolic dysfunction in dogs with MR, and that 2‐dimensional speckle‐tracking echocardiography (2D‐STE) could quantitatively evaluate myocardial function.AnimalsAnesthetized dogs with experimentally induced MR.MethodsDogs were examined for systolic myocardial deformations using 2D‐STE during dobutamine infusion before and 3 and 6 months after MR induction. We evaluated peak systolic rotation and rotation rate in each basal and apical view; peak systolic torsion and torsion rate were also calculated.ResultsInvasive peak positive first derivatives of left ventricular pressure (dp/dt) were significantly decreased in dogs 6 months after induction of MR compared with pre‐MR results. After 3 and 6 months of MR, dogs had diminished peak systolic torsion values and torsion rates in response to dobutamine infusion compared with pre‐MR results (3 months, P < .001 and P = .006; 6 months, P = .003 and P = .021). These results were significantly correlated with overall invasive dp/dt (r = 0.644, P < .001; r = 0.696, P < .001).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceDecreased torsion during dobutamine infusion in dogs with MR may reflect latent systolic dysfunction. Dobutamine infusion, therefore, may be useful for the assessment of systolic function in dogs with MR.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography for Assessment of Systolic Function in Dogs with Experimentally Induced Mitral Regurgitation

Suzuki

Matsumoto

Teshima

et al. 2014

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…In canine cardiology, the pharmacological stress test is still in the investigational phase. Although DST has been already described in dogs by other authors (Suzuki et al, 2014;Spasojevic Kosic et al, 2012;Sousa et al, 2005Sousa et al, , 2004McEntee et al, 2001McEntee et al, , 2000McEntee et al, , 1998McEntee et al, , 1996Minors & O'Grady, 1998), the indications for DST in canine medicine are not well defined. Indications of DSE in dogs could include an assessment of cardiac functional capacity in patients where conventional and advanced echocardiographic analysis of ventricular systolic function gave ambigous results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indications of DSE in dogs could include an assessment of cardiac functional capacity in patients where conventional and advanced echocardiographic analysis of ventricular systolic function gave ambigous results. To date, reported DST protocols in conscious dogs utilized low constant dose of dobutamine infusion (5 µg/kg/min) (Minors & O'Grady, 1998), as well as incremental dobutamine infusion (Spasojevic Kosic et al, 2012;Sousa et al, 2005Sousa et al, , 2004McEntee et al, 2001McEntee et al, , 1998McEntee et al, , 1996. There is no data available on the subject of comparing different DST protocols in conscious dogs, neither healthy dogs nor dogs with cardiac diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We wanted to explore whether or not this test is suitable for clinical examination and whether it had a similar echocardiographic profile as other reported DST protocols in dogs. Previous studies have investigated echocardiographic factors (Sousa et al, 2004;McEntee et al, 2001McEntee et al, , 1998Minors & O'Grady, 1998) and hormonal response (Spasojevic Kosic et al, 2012;McEntee et al, 2000) associated with DST. In this paper, the effect of the conventional DST on left ventricular echocardiographic parameters is presented as echocardiographic values obtained before and at the DST peak in order to compare its effects with the echocardiographic parameters values observed by other authors with different DST protocols.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feasibility and echocardiographic characteristics of a three-minute stage dobutamine stress test in healthy dogs

Spasojevic-Kosic

Trailović²

2018

VET GLASNIK

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Introduction. Dobutamine stress test (DST) is used as a method of functional cardiac examination in human medicine due to dobutamine's effect, which is similar to moderate physical exercise. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and echocardiographic characteristics of a conventional DST in dogs. SPASOJEVIĆ KOSIĆ Ljubica, TRAILOVIĆ R. Dragiša: Convencional dobutamine stress test in dogs 91 panting and weakness during DST. Additional research on DST should evaluate the diagnostic value of this protocol in dogs suffering from cardiac disease.

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Early Natural History of Cardiomyopathy and Cardiac Stress Response in Young Dogs with Golden Retriever Muscular Dystrophy

Guo,

Nghiem,

Bettis

et al. 2024

Preprint

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BackgroundDuchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and genetically homologous golden retriever muscular dystrophy (GRMD) are X-linked conditions causing progressive muscle wasting and cardiomyopathy. We previously defined a DMD-like dilated cardiomyopathy in adult GRMD dogs. The goal of this study was to extend our work and characterize the early natural history and cardiac stress response in young GRMD dogs.MethodsAge-matched GRMD (N=7), carrier (N=10), and normal (N=8) littermates at 3, 6, and 12 months of age were prospectively enrolled. Electrocardiography (ECG), echocardiography, and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) were assessed. To identify early evidence of cardiomyopathy, we conducted a dobutamine stress test in a subset of 17 GRMD and 6 normal dogs. Systolic functions were assessed during dobutamine infusion at 2 months of age, with follow ups (4 GRMD vs. 6 normal) at 4.5 and 6 months.ResultsHeart rate and ECG Q/R ratios were greater in GRMD dogs at 12 months, and PR interval was shortened at ≥6 months. There were no differences of echocardiographic systolic function nor circumferential strain in GRMD dogs. CMR left ventricular volumes and myocardial mass were smaller in GRMD dogs ≥6 months, but LGE and T1 mapping did not differ. A diminished inotropic response was seen in GRMD dogs during stress test at 2 months, but not at 4.5 and 6 months.ConclusionsWe demonstrated GRMD dogs had a blunted inotropic response at 2 months, and ECG changes and reduced heart sizes ≥6 months. This study substantiated GRMD as a valid animal model for early DMD cardiomyopathy.Clinical PerspectiveWhat Is New?This study demonstrates the early natural history of the dystrophin-deficient cardiomyopathy in GRMD model, with early ECG changes and higher heart rate, reduced cardiac chamber sizes, and disproportionally reduced myocardial mass. While with phenotypic variations, imaging markers from ECG, echocardiography, and CMR differentiated the GRMD dogs as early as 6 months of age.Systolic function was preserved and no clear evidence of myocardial fibrosis was identified during the subclinical stage of GRMD cardiomyopathy. No cardiac abnormalities were seen in GRMD carriers over the first year of age, aligning with the late-onset cardiomyopathy to carriers.A dobutamine stress protocol was established whereby dosages as low as 5 or 10 µg/kg/min intravenous infusion can be used to early differentiate GRMD dogs at 2 months of age. A blunted inotropic response and increased cardiac troponin I to the stress test were found in young GRMD dogs.What Are the Clinical Implications?This study documented the early natural history of GRMD cardiomyopathy, providing a comprehensive dataset and identifying many cardiac imaging markers for preclinical research use. The study further demonstrates the young GRMD dog is a valid animal model for early investigations of DMD cardiac disease.The dobutamine stress test and the blunted inotropic response, shown by the changes of fractional shortening (ΔFS) and ejection fraction (ΔEF), provide subclinical markers to detect early cardiomyopathy in very young GRMD dogs.

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Resting and dobutamine stress test induced serum concentrations of brain natriuretic peptide in German Shepherd dogs

Cited by 7 publications

References 45 publications

Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography for Assessment of Systolic Function in Dogs with Experimentally Induced Mitral Regurgitation

Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography for Assessment of Systolic Function in Dogs with Experimentally Induced Mitral Regurgitation

Feasibility and echocardiographic characteristics of a three-minute stage dobutamine stress test in healthy dogs

Early Natural History of Cardiomyopathy and Cardiac Stress Response in Young Dogs with Golden Retriever Muscular Dystrophy

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