Resting patterns of Anopheles gambiae in experimental huts treated with malathion

Smith, A.; Obudho, W. O.; Esozed, S.

doi:10.1016/0035-9203(66)90309-9

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…In experimental huts fully treated with malathion (Smith et al, 1966). mortality overrode any tendency for the insecticide to drive An.gambiae outdoors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Flight activity of insecticide resistant and susceptible Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes in actograph chambers lined with malathion, γ HCH or dieldrin

Rowland

1990

Medical Vet Entomology

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The activity and resting behaviour of resistant and susceptible Anopheles stephensi Liston were recorded in acoustic actograph chambers lined with residual deposits of malathion, dieldrin or gamma HCH. In gamma HCH-treated flight chambers, SS and RS mosquitoes became active only after picking up lethal doses of insecticide, which explains why few SS and RS mosquitoes survive release into gamma HCH-treated experimental huts. Similar results were obtained in flight chambers treated with dieldrin; however, more mosquitoes would be expected to survive dieldrin under field conditions because resistance to this insecticide is greater than to gamma HCH. Mosquitoes in contact with malathion showed a three-phase activity pattern: an initial active phase, an inactive phase, and hyper-activity/convulsions. Initial activity or irritability was especially pronounced in SS and RS but absent in RR mosquitoes. Whether or not irritability would protect RS mosquitoes from malathion would probably depend on the ratio of sprayed to unsprayed surfaces in treated huts.

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“…In experimental huts fully treated with malathion (Smith et al, 1966). mortality overrode any tendency for the insecticide to drive An.gambiae outdoors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…This was because irritability can enhance mortality when treated surfaces are readily encountered, by increasing the rates of pick-up and sampling of available resting surfaces (Kennedy, 1947). Only when some hut surfaces were left unsprayed did malathion repellency enhance survival (Smith et al, 1966).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flight activity of insecticide resistant and susceptible Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes in actograph chambers lined with malathion, γ HCH or dieldrin

Rowland

1990

Medical Vet Entomology

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“…An environmental stimulus, such as surface temperature, has previously been shown to modulate the indoor resting behaviour of An. gambiae (Smith et al, 1966).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the resting behaviour and host choice of Anopheles gambiae and An. arabiensis from Muleba, Tanzania

Charlwood

Kessy

Yohannes

et al. 2018

Medical Vet Entomology

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The relative efficacy of a mechanical (Prokopack) collection method vs. manual aspiration in the collection of resting mosquitoes was evaluated in northern Tanzania before and after an intervention using indoor residual spraying and longlasting insecticide-treated nets. In smoke-free houses mosquitoes were collected from the roof and walls, but in smoky houses mosquitoes were found predominantly on the walls. Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae) constituted 97.7% of the 312 An. gambiae complex specimens identified before but only 19.3% of the 183 identified after the intervention. A single sampling with the Prokopack collected a third of the available insects. Anopheles gambiae completed its gonotrophic development indoors, whereas Anopheles arabiensis did so outdoors. In both species gonotrophic development took 2 days. Most unfed resting An. arabiensis collected outdoors were virgins, whereas the majority of engorged insects were parous (with well-contracted sacs). Daily survival was estimated to be 80.0%. Only 9.4% of the engorged An. arabiensis collected outdoors and 47.1% of those collected indoors had fed on humans. Using the Prokopack sampler is more efficient than manual methods for the collection of resting mosquitoes. Malaria transmission may have been affected by a change in vector composition resulting from a change in feeding, rather than reduced survival. Monitoring the proportions of members of the An. gambiae complex may provide signals of an impending breakdown in control.

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“…The best knowledge we have of the behaviour of An. gambiae s.s. is its indoor host-seeking and resting behaviour associated with the need for a blood meal [39-42]. Consequently, contaminating females during this time period would be the easiest e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyriproxyfen for mosquito control: female sterilization or horizontal transfer to oviposition substrates by Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto and Culex quinquefasciatus

2014

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BackgroundThe use of gravid mosquitoes as vehicles to auto-disseminate larvicides was recently demonstrated for the transfer of pyriproxyfen (PPF) by container-breeding Aedes mosquitoes and presents an appealing idea to explore for other disease vectors. The success of this approach depends on the female’s behaviour, the time of exposure and the amount of PPF that can be carried by an individual. We explore the effect of PPF exposure at seven time points around blood feeding on individual Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto and Culex quinquefasciatus fecundity and ability to transfer in laboratory assays.MethodMosquitoes were exposed to 2.6 mg PPF per m2 at 48, 24 and 0.5 hours before and after a blood meal and on the day of egg-laying. The proportion of exposed females (N = 80-100) laying eggs, the number of eggs laid and hatched was studied. Transfer of PPF to oviposition cups was assessed by introducing 10 late instar insectary-reared An. gambiae s.s. larvae into all the cups and monitored for adult emergence inhibition.ResultsExposure to PPF between 24 hours before and after a blood meal had significant sterilizing effects: females of both species were 6 times less likely (Odds ratio (OR) 0.16, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.10-0.26) to lay eggs than unexposed females. Of the few eggs laid, the odds of an egg hatching was reduced 17 times (OR 0.06, 95% CI 0.04-0.08) in Anopheles but only 1.2 times (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.73-0.93) in Culex. Adult emergence inhibition from larvae introduced in the oviposition cups was observed only from cups in which eggs were laid. When females were exposed to PPF close to egg laying they transferred enough PPF to reduce emergence by 65-71% (95% CI 62-74%).ConclusionPPF exposure within a day before and after blood feeding affects egg-development in An. gambiae s.s. and Cx. quinquefasciatus and presents a promising opportunity for integrated control of vectors and nuisance mosquitoes. However, sterilized females are unlikely to visit an oviposition site and therefore do not transfer lethal concentrations of PPF to aquatic habitats. This suggests that for successful auto-dissemination the optimum contamination time is close to oviposition.

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Resting patterns of Anopheles gambiae in experimental huts treated with malathion

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Flight activity of insecticide resistant and susceptible Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes in actograph chambers lined with malathion, γ HCH or dieldrin

Flight activity of insecticide resistant and susceptible Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes in actograph chambers lined with malathion, γ HCH or dieldrin

Studies on the resting behaviour and host choice of Anopheles gambiae and An. arabiensis from Muleba, Tanzania

Pyriproxyfen for mosquito control: female sterilization or horizontal transfer to oviposition substrates by Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto and Culex quinquefasciatus

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