Restoration of natural broad-leaved woodland in Central Europe on sites with coniferous forest plantations

Zerbe, Stefan

doi:10.1016/s0378-1127(01)00686-7

Cited by 231 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Following the hypothesis, that the light demanding non-indigenous plant species won't find suitable living conditions in natural mixed broad-leaved forests, it can be recommended to converse the anthropogenic pine forests in NE Germany towards more natural broad-leaved forests, in order to accelerate the reversion of these plant invasions. This forest conversion is in accordance with the general objective of Central European forestry to restore natural woodland [28,49,70], in particular on sites where at present anthropogenic coniferous forests occur.…”

Section: Reversibility and Irreversibility Of The Plant Invasions In supporting

confidence: 83%

“…pine plantations) and/or are succession stages which naturally develop towards broad-leaved forests built up by beech (Fagus sylvatica), oak (Quercus petraea and Quercus robur), lime tree (Tilia cordata), hornbeam (Carpinus betulus), and others (e.g. [42,70]). This is reflected by the frequency of tree species (incl.…”

Section: Reversibility and Irreversibility Of The Plant Invasions In mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Naturally, Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) only dominates the tree layer in certain regions or on certain sites in Central Europe where local climate and/or soil conditions are not favourable for a dominance of broad-leaved trees like beech (Fagus sylvatica) or oak (Quercus petraea and Quercus robur; [14]). However, pine has become one of the most important tree species in Central European lowlands due to large-scaled plantations since the end of the 18th century [70]. After a long period of forest destruction as a consequence of over-utilisation of forests and forest sites (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-indigenous plant species and their ecological range in Central European pine (Pinus sylvestrisL.) forests

Zerbe

Wirth

2006

Ann. For. Sci.

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-In this study, forest ecosystems were analysed with regard to the occurrence and ecological range of non-indigenous plant species. Pine forests in the NE German lowland, which naturally and anthropogenically occur on a broad range of different sites, were taken as an example. The analysis is based on a data set of about 2 300 vegetation plots. The ecological range was assessed applying Ellenberg's ecological indicator values. Out of a total of 362 taxa recorded in the pine forests, only 12 non-indigenous species, including trees, shrubs, annual and perennial herbs, and one bryophyte were found. They commonly grow on sites with relatively high nitrogen availability and soil reaction values. Most species are native to North America. Taking into account that a high proportion of the investigated pine forests is of anthropogenic origin and will naturally develop towards broad-leaved forests with beech and oak, it is hypothesised that most of the observed invasions are reversible.

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Section: Reversibility and Irreversibility Of The Plant Invasions In supporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Reversibility and Irreversibility Of The Plant Invasions In mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-indigenous plant species and their ecological range in Central European pine (Pinus sylvestrisL.) forests

Zerbe

Wirth

2006

Ann. For. Sci.

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“…We found slightly more pioneer species in the plantations than in the natural forests (Zerbe, 2002), including D. cantabrica, Calluna vulgaris and P. aquilinum (Aizpuru et al, 1999). Mixed oak forests and plantations had many species in common, such as the pioneer species B. celtiberica (Onaindia and Amezaga, 2000), C. sativa and P. aquilinum.…”

Section: Use Of Pine Plantations To Restore Native Forestsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Potential use of pine plantations to restore native forests in a highly fragmented river basin

Onaindia

Mitxelena

2009

Ann. For. Sci.

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Abstract• In forests, the substitution of broadleaf species by conifers can reduce biodiversity because coniferous forests generally provide less diverse vascular understories than broadleaf forests. However, in some cases, former pine plantations might be useful for restoring native forests. We compared plant species composition on the plot scale in natural beech and mixed oak forests with that in plantations of Pinus radiata. Links between plant diversity and landscape parameters (patch size, fractal dimension and distance to the nearest patch of the same type) were investigated.• The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of pine plantations for restoring native diversity in a zone where native forests are very fragmented.• Similar to oak forests, plant diversity in pine plantations was high, mainly due to the presence of generalist species. Some species characteristic of oak forests also appeared in pine plantations, suggesting the onset of natural forest regeneration.• These results suggest that pine plantations could be used to promote natural regeneration of original oak forests. Moreover, residual native stands should be conserved as important sources of native species and their seeds. Mots-clés :hêtre / diversité biologique / paysage / chêne / plantation de pins / gestion durable Résumé -Usage possible des plantations de pins pour restaurer les forêts naturelles dans un bassin hydrographique très fragmenté.• Dans les forêts, la substitution des espèces feuillues par des conifères peut réduire la biodiversité, car les forêts de conifères ne présentent pas généralement un sous bois aussi diversifié que les forêts feuillues. Toutefois, dans certains cas, les anciennes plantations de pins pourraient être utiles pour la restauration des forêts naturelles. Nous avons comparé la composition des espèces végétales à l'échelle de la parcelle en hêtraie naturelle et chênaie mixte de même que dans les plantations de Pinus radiata. Les liens entre diversité végétale et paramètres du paysage (taille des bouquets, dimension fractale, et distance du plus proche bouquet de même type) ont été étudiés.• L'objectif de cette étude était d'évaluer le recours à des plantations de pin pour le rétablissement de la diversité naturelle dans une zone où les forêts sont très fragmentées.• La diversité végétale des pinèdes, similaire à celle des chênaies, était élevée, principalement en raison de la présence d'espèces généralistes. Certaines espèces caractéristiques des chênaies sont aussi apparues dans les plantations de pins, ce qui suggère l'apparition d'une régénération de la forêt naturelle.• Ces résultats suggèrent que les plantations de pins pourraient être utilisées pour promouvoir la régénération naturelle des chênaies originelles. En outre, les peuplements résiduels originels devraient être conservés comme sources importantes d'espèces naturelles et de leurs graines.

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“…Introducing autochthonous species into mono-specific plantations is a successful way to increase diversity, reduce natural damages and attenuate the risk of investments under predicted climatic scenarios (Zerbe 2002;Gärtner and Reif 2004;Knoke et al 2005;Seidl et al 2009). The awareness of developing adaptive forest management strategies is mainstream in Europe and worldwide (Bolte et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies to the interactive effect of neighbor identity and enhanced CO2 levels

Rolo

Andivia

Pokorný

2015

Trees

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Enhanced levels of CO 2 affected both the nutrition and morphology of both species. The effect of interspecific competition was dependent on the species identity but not on the CO 2 level. AbstractThe interest in adaptive forest strategies to overcome predicted scenarios of climate change is increasing worldwide. An example of these strategies is the introduction of native species into mono-specific plantations. However, to fully consider this option/strategy, a higher understanding of the responses of forest tree species to concurrent biotic and abiotic factors is needed. The aim of the present study was to assess nutritional and morphological adjustments of individuals of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Norway Spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst) growing at enhanced levels of CO 2 and with different proportions of con-specific individuals in its vicinity.Individuals that grew at elevated CO 2 levels showed higher values of relative growth rate (RGR), total twig dry biomass and root biomass, and lower values of leaf area ratio, leaf N and Mg concentrations and soil nutrient concentrations. Individuals of Norway spruce growing in the vicinity of high proportions of European beech showed a reduction in the allocation of biomass to foliar tissue and lower values of RGR and root biomass. European beech, by contrast, showed a limited response to Norway spruce presence and higher capacity in the exploitation of space both above-and belowground. In conclusion, the lower response of European beech to both environmental factors suggests that the introduction of European beech into Norway spruce stands could be a feasible option in current forest transition strategies.

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Restoration of natural broad-leaved woodland in Central Europe on sites with coniferous forest plantations

Cited by 231 publications

References 14 publications

Non-indigenous plant species and their ecological range in Central European pine (Pinus sylvestrisL.) forests

Non-indigenous plant species and their ecological range in Central European pine (Pinus sylvestrisL.) forests

Potential use of pine plantations to restore native forests in a highly fragmented river basin

Response of Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies to the interactive effect of neighbor identity and enhanced CO2 levels

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