Restoration of saline land through revegetation

Barrett-Lennard, E.G.

doi:10.1016/s0378-3774(01)00166-4

Cited by 194 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…For example, Barrett-Lennard (2002) identified 26 salt-tolerant plant species capable of producing products (or services) of value to agriculture in Australia. Examples of useful halophytes include the potential oil-seed crops Kosteletzkya virginica (e.g.…”

Section: Halophytes As Cropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Growing salt-tolerant plants, including species of Kochia, Bassia, Cynodon, Medicago, Portulaca, Sesbania, and Brachiaria, may also improve other soil properties, such as increasing water conductance or increasing soil fertility (Qadir et al 2008). Halophytes may also lower the watertable, thereby allowing growth of saltsensitive species in salt-affected land (Barrett-Lennard 2002).…”

Section: Halophytes As Cropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of halophytes: multiple origins of salt tolerance in land plants

Flowers

Galal

Bromham

2010

Functional Plant Biol.

614

370

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Abstract. The evolution of salt tolerance is interesting for several reasons. First, since salt-tolerant plants (halophytes) employ several different mechanisms to deal with salt, the evolution of salt tolerance represents a fascinating case study in the evolution of a complex trait. Second, the diversity of mechanisms employed by halophytes, based on processes common to all plants, sheds light on the way that a plant's physiology can become adapted to deal with extreme conditions. Third, as the amount of salt-affected land increases around the globe, understanding the origins of the diversity of halophytes should provide a basis for the use of novel species in bioremediation and conservation. In this review we pose the question, how many times has salt tolerance evolved since the emergence of the land plants some 450-470 million years ago? We summarise the physiological mechanisms underlying salt-tolerance and provide an overview of the number and diversity of salt-tolerant terrestrial angiosperms (defined as plants that survive to complete their life cycle in at least 200 mM salt). We consider the evolution of halophytes using information from fossils and phylogenies. Finally, we discuss the potential for halophytes to contribute to agriculture and land management and ask why, when there are naturally occurring halophytes, it is proving to be difficult to breed salt-tolerant crops.

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Section: Halophytes As Cropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Halophytes As Cropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of halophytes: multiple origins of salt tolerance in land plants

Flowers

Galal

Bromham

2010

Functional Plant Biol.

614

370

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In arid areas with shallow saline water tables, it has been demonstrated that establishment of tree plantations can lead to localised lowering of groundwater levels and increases in groundwater and soil ion concentrations beneath trees due to enhanced groundwater use (Heuperman 1995;Stolte et al 1997;Barrett-Lennard and Malcolm 1999;Silberstein et al 1999;Barrett-Lennard 2002). In one study the degree of shallow groundwater salinisation was positively related to tree density (Stolte et al 1997) and in another, leaf density (Barrett-Lennard and Malcolm 1999).…”

Section: Enhanced Water Use and Ion Exclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of groundwater and sediment geochemistry in a sulfidic backswamp due to Melaleuca quinquenervia encroachment

Johnston¹,

Slavich²,

Hirst³

2003

Soil Res.

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Extensive encroachment of the native tree species Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) Blake has occurred on a coastal floodplain sulfidic backswamp in eastern Australia. Almost 50% of the open swamp area c. 1870 is now monospecific M. quinquenervia forest. Encroachment has been associated with shortened hydroperiods and land management changes following drainage for agriculture. Large differences to shallow groundwater and sediment geochemistry were observed beneath both individual M. quinquenervia trees and encroaching forests compared to open swamp. Groundwater beneath M. quinquenervia had enhanced titratable acidity and acidic metal cations, increased concentrations of other ionic species (Cl–, SO42–), altered ionic ratios, and increased dissolved organic carbon. Soil beneath M. quinquenervia displayed enhanced accumulation of acidity and soluble ions, with concentration profiles suggesting vertical redistribution towards the surface. Deepening of the sulfide oxidation front in the soil beneath encroached M. quinquenervia suggests that enhanced sulfide oxidation may be occurring. Changes in soil pH, redox potential, and Fe mineral precipitation/dissolution were also evident. These changes appear to be the result of interactions between M. quinquenervia physiology and the unique groundwater and sediment geochemistry of the surrounding sulfidic/sulfuric horizons. Mechanisms to explain the observed changes are discussed along with potential management implications.

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“…Site conditions prior to 2000 would have proven detrimental to growth due to the shallow water table promoting water logged conditions that could delay the response in root growth (Barrett-Lennard, 2003, 2002. The quality of the groundwater at the site (pH ranged between 3 and 5 and electrical conductivity between 22.1 and 45.9 mS cm −1 ) suggests that it may restrict the growth of vertical tap roots.…”

Section: Water Table Fluctuationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative impacts of key drivers on the response of the water table to a major alley farming experiment

Noorduijn

Smettem

Vogwill³

et al. 2009

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Widespread clearing of native vegetation in Southwest Western Australia has led to land degradation associated with rising groundwater, secondary salinisation and waterlogging. Re-establishing deep-rooted perennial vegetation across parts of the landscape is one technique for managing land degradation. Alley farming is an agroforestry practice where multiple perennial tree belts are planted in alternation with traditional agricultural crops. To identify the best configuration (belt width versus alley width) for controlling rising groundwater levels and providing viable economic returns, a large scale experiment was established in 1995. The experiment contains seven different alley farming designs, each with transects of piezometers running across tree belts into adjacent alleys to monitor changes in the groundwater level. Two control piezometers were also installed in an adjacent paddock. Groundwater at the site is shallow (<3 m) and of poor quality (pH 3-5, Ec 2.1-45.9 mS cm −1 ) so root water uptake from the saturated zone is limited.Simple hydrograph analysis could not separate treatment effects on the water table response. Subsequent statistical analysis revealed that 20-30% of the variability in the water table data over the 12 year study period was attributable to the alley farming experiment. To futher investigate the effect of the experiment on groundwater response, additional hydrograph analysis was conducted to compare the trends in the control piezometers in relation to those located within the belts. A difference of 0.9 m was observed between the mean groundwater levels in the control piezometers and the mean Correspondence to: A. Ghadouani (anas.ghadouani@uwa.edu.au) levels in the perennial belt piezometers. For a mean specific yield of 0.03 m 3 m −3 (standard deviation of 0.03 m 3 m −3 ) this equates to an additional average annual water use of 27 mm yr −1 (standard deviation of 33 mm yr −1 ) by the perennial agroforestry system. It is concluded that declining annual rainfall is the principal control on hydrograph response at the site, whilst perennial biomass development has a lesser impact on water table depth.

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Restoration of saline land through revegetation

Cited by 194 publications

References 18 publications

Evolution of halophytes: multiple origins of salt tolerance in land plants

Evolution of halophytes: multiple origins of salt tolerance in land plants

Alteration of groundwater and sediment geochemistry in a sulfidic backswamp due to Melaleuca quinquenervia encroachment

Relative impacts of key drivers on the response of the water table to a major alley farming experiment

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