Restorative Justice conferencing and the youth offender: exploring the role of oral language competence

Snow, Pamela; Sanger, Dixie

doi:10.3109/13682822.2010.496763

Cited by 28 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…In the context of RJ, demands will be placed on working memory as young people need to sustain attention and process the language of others in real time (Snow, Powell, & Sanger, 2012). Additionally, verbally mediated executive functions including planning and response inhibition will be utilized (Snow & Sanger, 2011). One would expect this to occur during high levels of stress (Snow & Sanger, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psycholinguistic and socioemotional characteristics of young offenders: Do language abilities and gender matter?

Winstanley

Webb

Conti‐Ramsden

2019

Legal Criminol Psychol

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Purpose Previous research demonstrates an association between developmental language disorder (DLD) and criminal offending. International research also implicates alexithymia as being over‐represented in forensic samples. This study provides a comprehensive examination of the psycholinguistic and socioemotional profiles of males and females in the youth justice system, with a focus on first‐time entrants. In the context of restorative justice (RJ) underpinning youth justice disposals, this allows for informed intervention and identifies those who may be compromised in their ability to effectively engage in certain interventions. Methods Participants (N = 145) from a triage centre and youth offending teams, with a mean age of 15.8, completed a range of standardized psycholinguistic assessments considering non‐verbal IQ, expressive and receptive language measures, and literacy. Additionally, socioemotional measures completed included The Alexithymia Scale and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Results Developmental language disorder was present in 87 participants. Except for the emotional score, no statistically significant gender differences were found. The mean language scores for the DLD group were more than 2.25 standard deviations below the normative mean, and they demonstrated greater literacy difficulties. A high proportion of the group met the criteria for alexithymia/possible alexithymia (60%), and this was not associated with DLD. Conclusions High prevalence values for DLD and socioemotional difficulties, not generally gender‐specific, were found. These difficulties have the possibility to compromise a young person's ability to engage in rehabilitative strategies. Language assessment and identification of difficulties, especially DLD, upon entry to the youth justice service, would assist when planning interventions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psycholinguistic and socioemotional characteristics of young offenders: Do language abilities and gender matter?

Winstanley

Webb

Conti‐Ramsden

2019

Legal Criminol Psychol

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“…Social marginalisation and depravation also pose problems for getting to accountability. Here too research suggests socially disadvantaged young people evidence higher speech, language and communication problems than other young people (Snow & Sanger, 2011). These problems have been identified as particularly prevalent in youth offenders (Bryan, 2004;Sanger, Moore-Brown, Magnuson & Svoboda, 2001).…”

Section: Getting To Accountabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The indecent demands of accountability: trauma, marginalisation, and moral agency in youth restorative conferencing

Wood¹

2020

The International Journal of Restorative Justice

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In this article I explore the concept of accountability for young people in youth restorative conferencing. Definitions of accountability in research and programme literature demonstrate significant variation between expectations of young people to admit harms, make amends, address the causes of their offending, and desist from future offending. Such variation is problematic in terms of aligning conferencing goals with accountability expectations. I first draw from research that suggests appeals to normative frameworks such as accountability may not be useful for some young people with significant histories of victimisation, abuse, neglect, and trauma. I then examine problems in accountability for young people that are highly marginalised or 'redundant' in terms of systemic exclusion from economic and social forms of capital. These two issues-trauma on the micro level and social marginalisation on the macro level-suggest problems of getting to accountability for some young people. I also argue trauma and social marginalisation present specific problems for thinking about young offenders as 'moral subjects' and conferencing as an effective mechanism of moralising social control. I conclude by suggesting a clear distinction between accountability and responsibility is necessary to disentangle the conflation of misdeeds from the acute social, psychological, and developmental needs of some young offenders.

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“…However, as an epidemiological review, it did not consider how YOs are supported to access YJS interactions. In addition, two narrative reviews addressed the impact of DLD on participating in YJS interactions (Snow, 2019;Snow & Sanger, 2010), concluding on the basis of YOs' poor performance on language assessment tasks that this population is likely to be disadvantaged in a range of verbal encounters such as police interviews, courtroom processes, restorative justice conferences and psychological interventions. While extremely valuable in outlining the various communicative demands of the YJS, these papers did not clarify their search methodology or inclusion criteria, and so the replicability of their findings are unverified.…”

Section: Existing Reviewsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supporting Young Offenders to Communicate in the Youth Justice System

Sowerbutts

2019

ssp

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Objective: The scoping review will collate literature from different disciplines on supporting young offenders to communicate in the youth justice system. Specifically, it will map the evidence on a) the communication requirements of youth justice interactions; and b) how to support young offenders to communicate in this context. Introduction: Young offenders disproportionately present with unidentified Developmental Language Disorder. Successfully participating in the youth justice system demands considerable proficiency in language, and a large proportion of young offenders will thus struggle to engage in the required processes. Although there is emerging evidence regarding the specific communication tasks that young offenders are likely to struggle with, and published guidelines exist for supporting young offenders to communicate, it is unclear to what extent these recommendations are substantiated by evidence. This scoping review will collate what is currently known about supporting young offenders to communicate, identifying gaps and trends in research. Inclusion criteria: The review will consider publications which focus on young offenders, describe the communication requirements of the youth justice system, and/or provide guidelines for supporting young offenders to communicate in this context. Publications only concerning victims or witnesses will be excluded. Methods: Five databases will be searched, using identified keywords from relevant papers. To identify further studies, reference lists will be scanned and the grey literature will also be searched. Relevant data will be extracted from included publications using a pre-defined tool, and a narrative and visual summary of the findings will be presented.

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Restorative Justice conferencing and the youth offender: exploring the role of oral language competence

Cited by 28 publications

References 58 publications

Psycholinguistic and socioemotional characteristics of young offenders: Do language abilities and gender matter?

Psycholinguistic and socioemotional characteristics of young offenders: Do language abilities and gender matter?

The indecent demands of accountability: trauma, marginalisation, and moral agency in youth restorative conferencing

Supporting Young Offenders to Communicate in the Youth Justice System

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