Restoring riffle-pool structure in an incised, straightened urban stream channel using an ecohydraulic modeling approach

Schwartz, John S.; Neff, Keil J.; Dworak, Frank E.; Woockman, Robert Ryan

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.06.002

Cited by 35 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…In streams with large roughness elements, velocity vectors and turbulence intensities scale to these elements, and appear to prevent development of reach-scale 3D helical patterns [91,160]. Scour of alluvial beds occurs very locally from various roughness elements, i.e., LWD, bedrock outcrops, and boulders, which impose a strong local control on pool spacing [139,161].…”

Section: Applied Geomorphic Processes For Mesohabitat Maintenancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is a fundamental principle in ecohydraulic applications [88,90,91]. Classically, mesohabitat classification schemes have been developed by biologists applying their knowledge of spatial patterns of biota occupancy related to published geomorphic river forms [38,58,61].…”

Section: Framework For Classification Of Multi-stage Ecohydraulics-bamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Restoring stream habitat based on geomorphic classification of stream reaches can be limiting [29], but coupled with a hydraulic habitat model, species trait-based HSC can be incorporated into restoration design. In general, ecohydraulic models have been used in restoration projects, but their use is minor when considered with the number of projects constructed each year using the NCD method [19,91,102,[110][111][112].…”

Section: Hydraulic Habitat Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent interpretation of 3D flow dynamics through the pool suggests that unique ecohydraulic relationships exist among the pool-front, -mid, and -rear areas, in addition to the submerged bar and riffle areas. With the use of a 2D or 3D hydraulic model, maintenance processes associated with velocity-and shear-reversal and flow acceleration-deceleration concepts can be tested during restoration design [19,91,102,159].…”

Section: Applied Geomorphic Processes For Mesohabitat Maintenancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hydraulic habitat modeling serves two functions that can be applied to stream restoration design; they are: (1) hydraulic models provide valuable information on geomorphic maintenance processes associated with mesohabitat physical structure; and (2) habitat models utilizing HSC provide the means to apply ecohydraulic principles [88][89][90][91]. Mesohabitat preferences by aquatic biota are defined by HSC in which preferences are associated with channel morphology, flow, habitat cover, and physiochemical conditions [92][93][94][95].…”

Section: Hydraulic Habitat Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of Ecohydraulic-Based Mesohabitat Classification and Fish Species Traits for Stream Restoration Design

Schwartz

2016

Water

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Stream restoration practice typically relies on a geomorphological design approach in which the integration of ecological criteria is limited and generally qualitative, although the most commonly stated project objective is to restore biological integrity by enhancing habitat and water quality. Restoration has achieved mixed results in terms of ecological successes and it is evident that improved methodologies for assessment and design are needed. A design approach is suggested for mesohabitat restoration based on a review and integration of fundamental processes associated with: (1) lotic ecological concepts; (2) applied geomorphic processes for mesohabitat self-maintenance; (3) multidimensional hydraulics and habitat suitability modeling; (4) species functional traits correlated with fish mesohabitat use; and (5) multi-stage ecohydraulics-based mesohabitat classification. Classification of mesohabitat units demonstrated in this article were based on fish preferences specifically linked to functional trait strategies (i.e., feeding resting, evasion, spawning, and flow refugia), recognizing that habitat preferences shift by season and flow stage. A multi-stage classification scheme developed under this premise provides the basic "building blocks" for ecological design criteria for stream restoration. The scheme was developed for Midwest US prairie streams, but the conceptual framework for mesohabitat classification and functional traits analysis can be applied to other ecoregions.

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Section: Applied Geomorphic Processes For Mesohabitat Maintenancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Framework For Classification Of Multi-stage Ecohydraulics-bamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hydraulic Habitat Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Applied Geomorphic Processes For Mesohabitat Maintenancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hydraulic Habitat Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of Ecohydraulic-Based Mesohabitat Classification and Fish Species Traits for Stream Restoration Design

Schwartz

2016

Water

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A tale of two riffles: Using multidimensional, multifractional, time‐varying sediment transport to assess self‐maintenance in pool‐riffle sequences

Bayat

Rodríguez

Saco

et al. 2017

Water Resources Research

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Pool‐riffle sequences play a central role in providing habitat diversity conditions both in terms of flow and substrate in gravel bed streams. Understanding their capacity to self‐maintain has been the focus of research for many years, starting with the velocity reversal hypothesis. This hypothesis relied only on cross sectional averaged flow information, but its limited success prompted extensions of the hypothesis and alternative explanations for self‐maintenance. Significant advances beyond the velocity reversal hypothesis have been achieved by incorporating more information either on flow or sediment transport characteristics. However, this has been done in a compartmentalized way, with studies either focusing on one or the other aspect. This work bridges the gap between these two aspects by using an approximate methodology that combines observed characteristic stage‐dependent 3‐D flow patterns with time‐varying cross sectional information on bed shear stresses, sediment distribution, and sediment bed changes during a 1 year record of continuous discharges from a real stream. This methodology allows us to track the behavior of different sediment size fractions along flow streamlines over time and identify self‐maintenance conditions due to the combined effect of both flow multidimensionality and sediment transport. We apply this approximate methodology to two contiguous pools and riffles and demonstrate that, unexpectedly, they may rely on different mechanisms for self‐maintenance due to differences in geometry and sediment size distribution. We also demonstrate that our methodology is potentially overarching and integrative of previous partial approaches based on flow multidimensionality or sediment transport, which tend to underestimate the occurrence of self‐maintenance.

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Evaluating the physical habitat of riffle‐pool design in support of river habitat protection and rehabilitation

Wang,

Yang,

Bao

et al. 2023

Ecohydrology

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Riffle‐pool constructions are common practice in river management and fish conservation, but insufficient science exists to guide objective design of riffle‐pool. Understanding the spatial design of a riffle‐pool in river systems has significant value because it can provide important information to ameliorate aquatic species decline. In this study, six types of riffle‐pool structures were designed to assess hydrodynamic and riverbed morphology effects on stream habitat status. A two‐dimensional ecohydraulic model was used to assess the roles of different riffle‐pool designs in river habitat conditions. The natural flow condition and three types of flood flow conditions were applied to the six types of riffle‐pool structures to evaluate the habitat quality and the sustainability of the riffle‐pool design in mountain rivers. The long‐term impacts of the hydrodynamic and hydromorphology conditions on river physical habitat status were also analysed. The results indicate substantial differences in habitat quality among six riffle‐pool structures. It was found that narrow riffle‐pool construction yielded the best performance for the fish habitat, which had the best habitat quality among six riffle‐pool designs with the smallest pool area. In the same riffle‐pool structure, the habitat suitability in the riffle‐pool sequence will primarily increase more rapidly and then decrease gradually along with the discharge increase. Under the flood discharge scenarios, low flood discharge could improve riffle‐pool habitat quality, while high flood discharge could fragment the riffle‐pool habitat quality further. The long‐term hydrodynamic conditions have the same effects on all six cases. Overall, low discharge and smaller pool design would be beneficial to the river system, which could help maintain habitat diversity of mountain rivers. This analysis could provide valuable information for river management and decision‐making, which could assist in designing better mountain river habitats to promote conservation and rehabilitation of endangered biota.

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Restoring riffle-pool structure in an incised, straightened urban stream channel using an ecohydraulic modeling approach

Cited by 35 publications

References 95 publications

Use of Ecohydraulic-Based Mesohabitat Classification and Fish Species Traits for Stream Restoration Design

Use of Ecohydraulic-Based Mesohabitat Classification and Fish Species Traits for Stream Restoration Design

A tale of two riffles: Using multidimensional, multifractional, time‐varying sediment transport to assess self‐maintenance in pool‐riffle sequences

Evaluating the physical habitat of riffle‐pool design in support of river habitat protection and rehabilitation

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