Restoring wetlands on intensive agricultural lands modifies nitrogen cycling microbial communities and reduces N2O production potential

Kasak, Kuno; Espenberg, Mikk; Anthony, Tyler L.; Tringe, Susannah G.; Valach, Alex; Hemes, Kyle S.; Silver, Whendee L.; Mander, Ülo; Kill, Keit; McNicol, Gavin; Szutu, Daphne; Verfaillie, Joseph; Baldocchi, Dennis

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113562

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 75 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…In the last case, ammonia oxidation was the main N 2 O source which was indicated by elevated abundance of bacterial, archaeal and comammox amoA genes. This has also been suggested in restored agricultural wetlands (Kasak et al 2021 ). While nosZI-type denitrifiers play an important role in controlling N 2 O and N 2 gas fluxes in both natural and rewetted peatlands, it should be noted that slightly more than half of clade II nosZ organisms are apparently non-denitrifying N 2 O reducers and therefore have the potential to be a sink without contributing to N 2 O release (Hallin et al 2018 ; Espenberg et al 2018 ).…”

Section: Belowground Microbial Processes Involved In Ghg Dynamicssupporting

confidence: 63%

Unraveling microbial processes involved in carbon and nitrogen cycling and greenhouse gas emissions in rewetted peatlands by molecular biology

Gios,

Verbruggen,

Audet

et al. 2024

Biogeochemistry

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Restoration of drained peatlands through rewetting has recently emerged as a prevailing strategy to mitigate excessive greenhouse gas emissions and re-establish the vital carbon sequestration capacity of peatlands. Rewetting can help to restore vegetation communities and biodiversity, while still allowing for extensive agricultural management such as paludiculture. Belowground processes governing carbon fluxes and greenhouse gas dynamics are mediated by a complex network of microbial communities and processes. Our understanding of this complexity and its multi-factorial controls in rewetted peatlands is limited. Here, we summarize the research regarding the role of soil microbial communities and functions in driving carbon and nutrient cycling in rewetted peatlands including the use of molecular biology techniques in understanding biogeochemical processes linked to greenhouse gas fluxes. We emphasize that rapidly advancing molecular biology approaches, such as high-throughput sequencing, are powerful tools helping to elucidate the dynamics of key biogeochemical processes when combined with isotope tracing and greenhouse gas measuring techniques. Insights gained from the gathered studies can help inform efficient monitoring practices for rewetted peatlands and the development of climate-smart restoration and management strategies.

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Section: Belowground Microbial Processes Involved In Ghg Dynamicssupporting

confidence: 63%

Unraveling microbial processes involved in carbon and nitrogen cycling and greenhouse gas emissions in rewetted peatlands by molecular biology

Gios,

Verbruggen,

Audet

et al. 2024

Biogeochemistry

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“…Previous studies have shown that the gene abundances of napA and nrfA were positively correlated with soil C ( Levy-Booth et al, 2014 ; Shi et al, 2020 ). In SM, the supply of high C substrate increased heterotrophic soil respiration, reduced the soil redox potential, and promoted the occurrence of DNRA thus increased the abundance of these genes ( Chen et al, 2015 ; Putz et al, 2018 ; Kasak et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of straw and plastic film mulching on microbial functional genes involved in soil nitrogen cycling

et al. 2023

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IntroductionMicroorganisms regulate soil nitrogen (N) cycling in cropping systems. However, how soil microbial functional genes involved in soil N cycling respond to mulching practices is not well known.MethodsWe collected soil samples from a spring maize field mulched with crop straw (SM) and plastic film (FM) for 10-year and with no mulching (CK) in the Loess Plateau. Microbial functional genes involved in soil N cycling were quantified using metagenomic sequencing. We collected soil samples from a spring maize field mulched with crop straw (SM) and plastic film (FM) for 10-year and with no mulching (CK) in the Loess Plateau. Microbial functional genes involved in soil N cycling were quantified using metagenomic sequencing.ResultsCompared to that in CK, the total abundance of genes involved in soil N cycling increased in SM but had no significant changes in FM. Specifically, SM increased the abundances of functional genes that involved in dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (nirB, napA, and nrfA), while FM decreased the abundances of functional genes that involved in ammonification (ureC and ureA) in comparison with CK. Other genes involved in assimilatory nitrate reduction, denitrification, and ammonia assimilation, however, were not significantly changed with mulching practices. The nirB and napA were derived from Proteobacteria (mainly Sorangium), and the ureC was derived from Actinobacteria (mainly Streptomyces). Mental test showed that the abundance of functional genes that involved in dissimilatory nitrate reduction was positively correlated with the contents of soil microbial biomass N, potential N mineralization, particulate organic N, and C fractions, while ammonification related gene abundance was positively correlated with soil pH, microbial biomass C and N, and mineral N contents.DiscussionOverall, this study showed that SM could improve soil N availability and promote the soil N cycling by increasing the abundance of functional genes that involved in DNRA, while FM reduced the abundance of functional genes that involved in ammonification and inhibited soil N cycling.

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“…The corn site had a short growing season, and was plowed and flooded for a period during the year Moreover, the summer growing season is mostly cloud free, hence a suitable venue for evaluating satellite products.US-Bi1 (Eichelmann et al, 2018;Valach et al, 2021). US-Snf (Kusak et al, 2020) (Pasture) is a wetland, more specifically peatland (Kasak et al, 2021) and is also used as a pasture to graze cattle throughout the seasons. The peak growing season over pasture site was around December to June.…”

Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Matching high resolution satellite data and flux tower footprints improves their agreement in photosynthesis estimates

Kong¹,

Ryu²,

Liu³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Mapping canopy photosynthesis in both high spatial and temporal resolution is essential for carbon cycle monitoring in heterogeneous areas. However, well established satellites in sun-synchronous orbits such as Sentinel-2, Landsat and MODIS can only provide either high spatial or high temporal resolution but not both. Recently established CubeSat satellite constellations have created an opportunity to overcome this resolution trade-off. In particular, Planet Fusion allows full utilization of the CubeSat data resolution and coverage while maintaining high radiometric quality. In this study, we used the Planet Fusion surface reflectance product to calculate daily, 3-m resolution, gap-free maps of the near-infrared radiation reflected from vegetation (NIRvP). We then evaluated the performance of these NIRvP maps for estimating canopy photosynthesis by comparing with data from a flux tower network in Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, USA. Overall, NIRvP maps captured temporal variations in canopy photosynthesis of individual sites, despite changes in water extent in the wetlands and frequent mowing in the crop fields. When combining data from all sites, however, we found that robust agreement between NIRvP maps and canopy photosynthesis could only be achieved when matching NIRvP maps to the flux tower footprints. In this case of matched footprints, NIRvP maps showed considerably better performance than in situ NIRvP in estimating canopy photosynthesis both for daily sum and data around the time of satellite overpass (R 2 = 0.78 vs. 0.60, for maps vs. in situ for the satellite overpass time case). This difference in performance was mostly due to the higher degree of consistency in slopes of NIRvP -canopy photosynthesis relationships across the study sites for flux tower footprint-matched maps. Our results show the importance of matching satellite observations to the flux tower footprint and demonstrate the potential of CubeSat constellation imagery to monitor canopy photosynthesis remotely at high spatio-temporal resolution.

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Restoring wetlands on intensive agricultural lands modifies nitrogen cycling microbial communities and reduces N2O production potential

Cited by 9 publications

References 75 publications

Unraveling microbial processes involved in carbon and nitrogen cycling and greenhouse gas emissions in rewetted peatlands by molecular biology

Unraveling microbial processes involved in carbon and nitrogen cycling and greenhouse gas emissions in rewetted peatlands by molecular biology

Effects of straw and plastic film mulching on microbial functional genes involved in soil nitrogen cycling

Matching high resolution satellite data and flux tower footprints improves their agreement in photosynthesis estimates

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