Restraint stress and exogenous corticosterone differentially alter sensitivity to the sedative-hypnotic effects of ethanol in inbred long-sleep and inbred short-sleep mice

Parker, Clarissa C.; Ponicsan, Heather; Spencer, Robert L.; Holmes, Andrew; Johnson, Thomas E.

doi:10.1016/j.alcohol.2008.05.004

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Taken in conjunction with the results of Farook et al (2009), we do not know whether there would be sex differences in the ability of repeated restraint stress to produce a delayed increase in ethanol intake. Nonetheless, we also found that restraint stress produced a similar activation of the HPA axis in male and female mice, measured by plasma CORT levels, consistent with earlier work in male and female inbred long-sleep and short-sleep selected lines (Parker et al, 2008). The restraint stress-induced increase in CORT levels in the present study was positively correlated with 10E intake on the following day only in female C57BL/6J mice.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Environmental stressors influence limited-access ethanol consumption by C57BL/6J mice in a sex-dependent manner

Cozzoli

Tanchuck-Nipper

Kaufman

et al. 2014

Alcohol

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Environmental factors, including exposure to stress, are known to contribute to the propensity to consume ethanol. However, stress produces inconsistent effects on ethanol drinking in rodent models. Therefore, the present study examined the impact of different stressors on limited access ethanol consumption and determined whether there were sex-dependent differences in response to stress. To this end, male and female C57BL/6J mice had 2-hr access to a water and 10% ethanol solution, beginning 30 minutes before onset of the dark cycle. Once ethanol intake was stable, the effect of restraint, tail suspension, predator odor, foot shock, and tail pinch on subsequent intake was explored. Both plasma corticosterone (CORT) and allopregnanolone (ALLO) were assessed as indices of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity and of endogenous neurosteroid levels respectively, following restraint, tail suspension and predator odor. Ethanol intake was decreased following restraint, tail suspension, foot shock, and tail pinch in both sexes, with stressor-related differences in the duration of the suppression. The effect of predator odor on ethanol intake was biphasic in females; ethanol consumption was significantly reduced on the day of stress but significantly increased on the following two days. In males, predator odor produced a delayed significant increase in ethanol intake on the second day after stress. All three stressors increased plasma CORT, with higher CORT levels in females when compared with males. Notably, there was a significant positive correlation between CORT levels immediately after predator odor stress and ethanol intake on the following day as well as a significant positive linear relationship between CORT levels immediately after restraint stress and ethanol intake on the following day in females. Furthermore, the three stressors produced a greater increase in ALLO levels in female versus male mice, but ALLO levels following predator odor were not correlated with subsequent ethanol intake. In summary, the type of stressor administered had a profound impact on subsequent ethanol consumption, with subtle sex differences in the magnitude and persistence of the effect. These findings are the first to demonstrate that a single, acute exposure to restraint, tail suspension, and predator odor stress increased plasma CORT and ALLO levels in animals with a history of ethanol consumption and that female mice were more responsive than males to the ability of stress to increase CORT levels as well as to the ability of predator odor stress to produce a delayed increase in ethanol intake. Because predator odor stress is a model of posttraumatic stress disorder, the present sex differences have important implications for future preclinical studies modeling the comorbidity of posttraumatic stress disorder and alcohol use disorders.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Environmental stressors influence limited-access ethanol consumption by C57BL/6J mice in a sex-dependent manner

Cozzoli

Tanchuck-Nipper

Kaufman

et al. 2014

Alcohol

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“…Thus, acute restraint had an apparent sobering effect at both ages when indexed via attenuations in the social inhibitory effects of ethanol. Similar sobering effects of acute restraint have been reported in adult inbred long-sleep mice, with these mice demonstrating reduced sensitivity to ethanol-induced sedation following a 30-min period of acute restraint, as indexed by a decrease in the duration of loss of the righting reflex and, most importantly, an increase in BEC at regain of the righting response (Parker et al, 2008). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Similarities also emerged between consequences of acute and repeated restraint in terms of ethanol-related sobering effects, with repeated restraint, like the acute restraint stressor used in the present study, decreasing sensitivity to the socially suppressing effects of ethanol in both adolescents and adults (Varlinskaya et al, 2010). Acute and repeated restraint also has been shown to decrease sensitivity to the sedative-hypnotic effects of ethanol in adult inbred long-sleep mice (Parker et al, 2008). These sobering effects of stress are not restricted to laboratory rodents, but have been reported in humans as well (Breslin et al, 1994, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increases in anxiety-like behavior induced by acute stress are reversed by ethanol in adolescent but not adult rats

Spear

2012

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

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Repeated exposure to stressors has been found to increase anxiety-like behavior in laboratory rodents, with the social anxiety induced by repeated restraint being extremely sensitive to anxiolytic effects of ethanol in both adolescent and adult rats. No studies, however, have compared social anxiogenic effects of acute stress or the capacity of ethanol to reverse this anxiety in adolescent and adult animals. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate whether adolescent [postnatal day (P35)] Sprague-Dawley rats differ from their adult counterparts (P70) in the impact of acute restraint stress on social anxiety and in their sensitivity to the social anxiolytic effects of ethanol. Animals were restrained for 90 min, followed by examination of stress- and ethanol-induced (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 g/kg) alterations in social behavior using a modified social interaction test in a familiar environment. Acute restraint stress increased anxiety, as indexed by reduced levels of social investigation at both ages, and decreased social preference among adolescents. These increases in anxiety were dramatically reversed among adolescents by acute ethanol. No anxiolytic-like effects of ethanol emerged following restraint stress in adults. The social suppression seen in response to higher doses of ethanol was reversed by restraint stress in animals of both ages. To the extent that these data are applicable to humans, the results of the present study provide some experimental evidence that stressful life events may increase the attractiveness of alcohol as an anxiolytic agent for adolescents.

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“…Six pairs of ethanol standards (0.1–4.0 mg/ml), which included n -propanol (internal standard), were run before the samples. Mice that did not lose their righting reflex in less than five minutes post-ethanol administration or those that had an LORR duration or BECRR greater than two standard deviations from the group mean were excluded from the analysis [71,72]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of P2X4 Receptors to Ethanol Intake in Male C57BL/6 Mice

et al. 2014

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P2X receptors (P2XRs) are a family of cation-permeable ligand-gated ion channels activated by synaptically released extracellular ATP. The P2X4 subtype is abundantly expressed in the CNS and is sensitive to low intoxicating ethanol concentrations. Genetic meta-analyses identified the p2rx4 gene as a candidate gene for innate alcohol intake and/or preference. The current study used mice lacking the p2rx4 gene (knockout, KO) and wildtype (WT) C57BL/6 controls to test the hypothesis that P2X4Rs contribute to ethanol intake. The early acquisition and early maintenance phases of ethanol intake were measured with three different drinking procedures. Further, we tested the effects of ivermectin (IVM), a drug previously shown to reduce ethanol’s effects on P2X4Rs and to reduce ethanol intake and preference, for its ability to differentially alter stable ethanol intake in KO and WT mice. Depending on the procedure and the concentration of the ethanol solution, ethanol intake was transiently increased in P2X4R KO versus WT mice during the acquisition of 24-hr and limited access ethanol intake. IVM significantly reduced ethanol intake in P2X4R KO and WT mice, but the degree of reduction was 50% less in the P2X4R KO mice. Western blot analysis identified significant changes in -γ aminobutyric acidA receptor (GABAAR) α1 subunit expression in brain regions associated with the regulation of ethanol behaviors in P2X4R KO mice. These findings add to evidence that P2X4Rs contribute to ethanol intake and indicate that there is a complex interaction between P2X4Rs, ethanol, and other neurotransmitter receptor systems.

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Restraint stress and exogenous corticosterone differentially alter sensitivity to the sedative-hypnotic effects of ethanol in inbred long-sleep and inbred short-sleep mice

Cited by 13 publications

References 42 publications

Environmental stressors influence limited-access ethanol consumption by C57BL/6J mice in a sex-dependent manner

Environmental stressors influence limited-access ethanol consumption by C57BL/6J mice in a sex-dependent manner

Increases in anxiety-like behavior induced by acute stress are reversed by ethanol in adolescent but not adult rats

Contribution of P2X4 Receptors to Ethanol Intake in Male C57BL/6 Mice

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