Restricción del crecimiento extrauterino en recién nacidos de menos de 1.500 gramos de peso al nacer☆

Abstract

More than half of newborns ≤1,500 grams have a weight at discharge of <P10. This growth restriction occurs during NICU admission, and affects low birth weight infants less frequently.Urea levels correlate negatively with weight gain, which requires further study of the relationship between growth and the protein compartment.

Prematurity With Extrauterine Growth Restriction Increases the Risk of Higher Levels of Glucose, Low-Grade of Inflammation and Hypertension in Prepubertal Children

“…However, premature birth occurs in neonates at high nutritional risk since many of these infants develop diseases with high caloric requirements, precisely when rapid growth is expected (28). Thus, an EUGR can often be observed in the early postnatal stage (1,13,14).…”

“…At present, multiple definitions for EUGR have been used, including weight-for-age less than the 10th or 3rd percentile (or weight Z-score < −1.28 or < −2, respectively) at 28-days postnatal (9), at 36-weeks' postmenstrual age (PMA) (10) or at hospital discharge (11). Despite the major improvement in the survival of preterm infants (12), neonatal advances have remained insufficient to improve their rate of growth, and EUGR continues to be a frequent complication in neonatal units (1,13,14). The growth of very preterm infants during the postconceptional period is likely to be in a similar environment as the condition of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), which has been associated with different pathologies such as obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome and CVD (3,15).…”

Reply: “It is Time for a Universal Nutrition Policy in Very Preterm Neonates during the Neonatal Period? Comment on: Applying Methods for Postnatal Growth Assessment in the Clinical Setting: Evaluation in a Longitudinal Cohort of Very Preterm Infants Nutrients 2019, 11, 2772”

“…Even though improvement of postnatal growth and identification of risk factors was one of our aims, the major focus of our paper was to reflect on how different approaches to analyzing postnatal growth can result into confusing and even inaccurate conclusions. Current reported percentages of EUGR are indeed heterogeneous, and range from around the figure in their referenced paper of 25% [2][3][4][5] to others more in line with our prevalence of 40-60% [6][7][8]. Nevertheless, and this was one of the points we were trying to highlight, interpretation must be cautious, because the definitions of EUGR are different, or applied at different time points, or over populations with different prevalence of IUGR or different gestational ages.…”

Adequacy of Parenteral Nutrition in Preterm Infants According to Current Recommendations: A Study in A Spanish Hospital

“…Prematurity is associated with growth delay, especially with delays in neurocognitive development [20,21], as well as with other possible related consequence [22]. Many cases present restriction of postnatal growth below the 10th percentile [23], and this restriction is inversely proportional to gestational age [6]. This is due, in large part, to the nutritional deficit that develops from insufficient administration of nutrient [24].…”