Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism in Soybean Germplasm of the Southern USA

Abstract

A soybean restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) map (ISU/USDA‐ARS‐FCR, Ames, IA) was derived from an interspecific cross of Glycine max (L.) Merr. × G. soja Siebold & Zucc. using early maturity group genotypes. We characterized the feasibility of the application of this map to physiologically distant soybean genotypes mainly maturity group (MG) V to IX. A total of 108 genotypes of G. max were surveyed. Germplasm represented ancestral genotypes, breeding lines and elite cultivars. The RFLP markers (83 probes) used in this research spanned fifteen major linkage groups at an average distance of 26 centimorgans (cM). Fifty‐four percent of the probes were non informative. Thirty‐five percent had a probability of detecting polymorphism between any two random genotypes with a frequency above 0.3. The RFLP probes detecting polymorphism with high frequency were identified. Restriction fragment length polymorphism was associated with cultivar pedigree and relation to ancestral genotypes. The majority of genotypes showed molecular similarities to ‘Ralsoy’, ‘Dorman’, ‘Dunfield’, and ‘Ogden’ germplasms; a smaller group of genotypes showed molecular similarities to S‐100. Genotypic similarities were observed among most genotypes. However, genotypes of MG VI and VII retained potentially valuable levels of genetic diversity. Soybean cyst nematode and bacterial pustule resistance were present in many different genetic backgrounds and no association with donor genotypes was observed in principal components analysis. The set of identified RFLP probes with high frequency of polymorphism detection should serve as a core of molecular markers for initiating mapping of agronomic traits and detection of gene linkages across a wide range of maturity groups of cultivated soybean. Genomic diversity described by the principal components analysis may be useful in germplasm selection to develop populations for genome mapping in soybean.

The genetic diversity of cultivated soybean grown in China

“…Thus, although molecular analysis could supplement and reinforce our analysis on genetic diversity and elucidation of plant species origin, it can not substitute for morphological analysis. Therefore, for genetic diversity studies on large numbers of accessions, phenotypic traits are usually analyzed (Dong 1998;Dong et al 2001;Perry and McIntosh 1991;Xu 1993) and, thereafter, a subset of the materials can be used for molecular analysis (Doldi et al 1997;Keim et al 1989;Skorupska et al 1993;Zhou 1998). In this respect, the results of the present study provide a solid framework for our future efforts to conduct an integrated study, involving molecular analysis, on a subset of accessions of cultivated soybean in China.…”

Proteomic and genetic analysis of glycinin subunits of sixteen soybean genotypes

“…A and B types of banding patterns were observed in landrace, ancestral, modern cultivars (G. max), while B and C types of banding patterns were detected in the wild soybean genotypes (G. soja). In previous studies genetic diversity was detected in soybean cultivars with different geographical origins [17,31,35]. In this study we could also identify genetic polymorphisms of glycinin using DNA blot analysis.…”

Phylogenetic relationships of the mitochondrial genomes in the genus Glycine subgenus Soja.

“…Analyses of restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) have been utilized to search for diversity in the subgenus Soja with regard to chloroplast DNA (cpDNA; Close et al, 1989;Shoemaker et al, 1986) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA; Sisson et al, 1978;Grabau et al, 1989Hanlon and Grabau, 1995;Moeykens et al, 1995;Tozuka et al, 1998), as well as nuclear DNA (Apuya et al, 1988;Keim et al, 1989;Skorupska et al, 1993). Close et al (1989) defined six soybean plastome groups based on RFLPs of cpDNA.…”