Resultados de calidad de vida en niños y adultos con implante coclear

Abstract

Objetivo: Determinar la calidad de vida en pacientes infantes y adultos que recibieron implante coclear (IC). Diseño: Descriptivo. Materiales y métodos: 47 pacientes usuarios de IC con sordera pre y poslingual a quienes se les realizó encuesta basada en Cuestionario Nijmegen (NCIQ) sobre calidad de vida. Resultados: Promedio de edad para la cirugía de IC: 8,2 años en sordera prelingual y de 47 años en sordera poslingual. La media de PTA y de ganancia auditiva posquirúrgica en ambos grupos fue similar. Hay mejoría posterior a cirugía de IC e inicio de terapia auditiva principalmente en pacientes con sordera prelingual. Conclusiones: Las preguntas basadas en el NCIQ facilitaron la evaluación de calidad de vida posimplante coclear. El costo-beneficio de la cirugía de IC es positivo para la adquisición de lenguaje y en la relación tanto del entorno familiar como en la vida social, así como en la autoestima y la escolaridad.

Repercussões do implante coclear na vida adulta

“…Although audiological gains vary among CI users and not all expectations and desires are met after implantation, no participant reported regret over the decision; on the contrary, all of them observed significant improvement in QoL, as demonstrated in other studies (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)10,11,17,18) .…”

“…Studies have reported limited results in speech perception scores in prelingual individuals, with many of them tending to continue using sign language or lip reading as their primary means of communication and the CI as support. However, although speech recognition index is an important indicator in the assessment of post-implant benefits, other factors that contribute to quality of life (QoL) should be considered, because they have been reported by both pre-and post-lingual CI users, namely, sound detection; optimization of lip reading; satisfaction and general well-being; increased self-confidence, self-esteem, and social and professional insertion; improved cognition, mood, participation in social life, and quality of family relationships (2,(5)(6)(7)(8)10,16) . All these factors show the positive benefit-cost ratio of this intervention, which brings clinical and social results.…”

“…Several studies have assessed the benefit of this intervention, focusing mainly on measuring the gains in speech perception (1)(2)(3)(4)(5) , whereas others have evaluated the impact of CI through the application of quality-of-life (QoL) questionnaires (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10) . However, the efficacy of this resource should also be assessed with respect to the subjective aspects of everyday life (11) , using methodologies that enable openset speech perception from the perspective of those who experience this situation, such as Symbolic Interactionism (SI) and Grounded Theory (GT).…”