Using the data for 24.5 × 10 6 ψ(2S) produced in e + e − annihilations at √ s = 3686 MeV at the CESR-c e + e − collider and 8.6 × 10 6 J/ψ produced in the decay ψ(2S) → π + π − J/ψ, the branching fractions for ψ(2S) and J/ψ decays to pairs of pseudoscalar mesons, π + π − , K + K − , and KSKL, have been measured using the CLEO-c detector. We obtain branching fractions B(ψ(2S) → π + π − ) = (7.6 ± 2.5 ± 0.6) × 10 −6 , B(ψ(2S) → K + K − ) = (74.8 ± 2.3 ± 3.9) × 10 −6 , B(ψ(2S) → KSKL) = (52.8 ± 2.5 ± 3.4) × 10 −6 , and B(J/ψ → π + π − ) = (1.47 ± 0.13 ± 0.13) × 10 −4 , B(J/ψ → K + K − ) = (2.86 ± 0.09 ± 0.19) × 10 −4 , B(J/ψ → KSKL) = (2.62 ± 0.15 ± 0.14) × 10 −4 , where the first errors are statistical and the second errors are systematic. The phase differences between the amplitudes for electromagnetic and strong decays of ψ(2S) and J/ψ to 0 −+ pseudoscalar pairs are determined by a Monte Carlo method to be δ(ψ(2S)P P = (110.5 +16.0 −9.5 ) • and δ(J/ψ)P P = (73.5 +5.0 −4.5 ) • . The difference between the two is ∆δ ≡ δ(ψ(2S))P P − δ(J/ψ)P P = (37.0 +16.5 −10.5 ) • .