Results from three cycles of six-course rotations on light land

Hanley, F.; Ridgman, W. J.

doi:10.1017/s002185960005396x

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…(Karlen et al 1994;Berzsenyi et al 2000). Hanley & Ridgman (1979) found that the full benefits of the leys were obtained already during the first rotation cycle. However, other results have shown that soil fertility changes over time due to effects of crop rotation on both amount and quality of plant residues (Persson & Mattsson 1993;Drinkwater et al 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be noted that all grassclover production was left in the field as a mulch, which probably has profound effects on soil N fertility. Grass-clover leys have been found to increase the yield potential of following cereals beyond that which can be compensated by N fertilization (Hanley & Ridgman 1979;Johnston et al 1994;Uhlen et al 1994;Eriksen 2001). Such fertility effects may be mediated through effects on soil quality, diseases, etc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Whole-rotation dry matter and nitrogen grain yields from the first course of an organic farming crop rotation experiment

Olesen¹,

Rasmussen²,

Askegaard³

et al. 2002

J. Agric. Sci.

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SU MMARYThe possibilities for increasing total grain yield in organic cereal production through manipulation of crop rotation design were investigated in a field experiment on different soil types in Denmark from 1997 to 2000. Three experimental factors were included in the experiment in a factorial design: (1) proportion of grass-clover and pulses in the rotation, (2) catch crop (with and without) and (3) manure (with and without). Three four-course rotations were compared. Two of the rotations had 1 year of grass-clover as a green manure crop, either followed by spring wheat or by winter wheat. The grassclover was replaced by winter cereals in the third rotation. Animal manure was applied as slurry in rates corresponding to 40 % of the nitrogen (N) demand of the cereal crops.Rotational grain yields of the cereal and pulse crops were calculated by summing yields for each plot over the 4 years in the rotation. The rotational yields were affected by all experimental factors (rotation, manure and catch crop). However, the largest effects on both dry matter and N yields were caused by differences between sites caused by differences in soils, climate and cropping history. The rotation without a green manure crop produced the greatest total yield. Dry matter and N yields in this rotation were about 10 % higher than in the rotation with a grass-clover ley in 1 year in 4. Therefore, the yield benefits from the grass-clover ley could not adequately compensate for the yield reduction as a result of leaving 25 % of the rotation out of production. There were no differences in dry matter and N yields in grains between the rotations, where either spring or winter cereals followed the grass-clover ley. The N use efficiency for ammonium-N in the applied manure corresponded to that obtained from N in commercial fertilizer. There were only very small yield benefits from the use of catch crops. However, this may change over time as fertility builds up in the system with catch crops.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole-rotation dry matter and nitrogen grain yields from the first course of an organic farming crop rotation experiment

Olesen¹,

Rasmussen²,

Askegaard³

et al. 2002

J. Agric. Sci.

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“…There are few published studies of yield over more than one rotational cycle in conventional systems, e.g. Hanley and Ridgman (1979), however, it is difficult to use those to inform organic farming as the N effects of the ley are likely to have been masked by the use of soluble nitrogen fertilisers on the arable crops in the rotation.…”

Section: Differences Between Rotationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of ley duration on the yield and quality of the subsequent cereal crop (spring oats) in an organically managed long-term crop rotation experiment

Watson¹,

Baddeley²,

Edwards³

et al. 2011

Org. Agr.

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The ability to maintain crop yield and quality in systems based on nitrogen (N) fixed by legumes rather than from synthetic N fertilisers is fundamental to the long-term viability of organic farming. This paper reports crop yield and nitrogen uptake parameters for the first spring oat crop after grass/clover ley in organically managed ley/arable rotations to indicate the amount of fertility built-up during the ley period. The trial site, at Tulloch in North East Scotland, underwent two complete cycles of 6-year ley/arable rotations with different lengths of grazed ley (3 or 4 years). Trials were sufficiently replicated so that each course of the rotation was present in every year. The rotation containing 3 years of ley was also compared with a similar rotation at a nearby site (Woodside) with lower rainfall and soil fertility over one and a half rotational cycles. Grain yields were consistently higher at Tulloch (5.1 tha −1 compared with 4.5 tha −1 at Woodside) and were unaffected by the length of ley. However, grain N percentage was higher following the 4-year ley (1.38% compared with 1.30% following the 3-year ley). While yields were maintained between the first and second cycles of all the rotations, grain N percentage declined. Annual grain yields of the organically grown oats at Tulloch were not significantly different from National List/Recommended List yields in NE Scotland for oats receiving 100 kg N ha −1 . Results suggest that these particular rotation designs were suitable for maintaining acceptable grain yields under organic management conditions.

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Winter wheat in six-course rotations on light land

Ridgman

Wedgwood

1982

J. Agric. Sci.

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Hanley & Ridgman (1979) reported the results from three cycles of six-course rotations on light land. The report was based on a rotation of sugar beet, barley, barley, potatoes, barley, barley, with treatments involving replacement of one, two or three of the first three crops by 1-, 2- or 3-year leys, the last three crops acting as test crops. One of the problems of drawing general conclusions from rotation experiments is that the test crops are really part of the experimental treatments and may not be the most suitable crops for determining either the direct effects of the ‘treatment’ crops or the longer-term effects of the rotations themselves.

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Results from three cycles of six-course rotations on light land

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

Whole-rotation dry matter and nitrogen grain yields from the first course of an organic farming crop rotation experiment

Whole-rotation dry matter and nitrogen grain yields from the first course of an organic farming crop rotation experiment

Influence of ley duration on the yield and quality of the subsequent cereal crop (spring oats) in an organically managed long-term crop rotation experiment

Winter wheat in six-course rotations on light land

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