Results of annual prevention of behavioral risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in first-year students of two Moscow universities

Zvolinskaya, E. Yu.; Kimitsidi, M. G.; Alexandrov, A. A.

doi:10.17116/profmed201821240-47

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

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“…По данным литературы [1,4,10,11,14], рацион российских студентов по частоте потребляемых продуктов характеризуется определённым пищевым набором (табл. 1).…”

Section: особенности питания российских студентовunclassified

“…Фактическое же потребление калорий на 15-30 % ниже нормируемого [4,13]. Потребление белков, жиров, углеводов у студентов в основном соответствует соотношению 1 : 1,02 : 5,88 или 1 : 1,13 : 4,97, что отклоняется от рекомендованного профиля (1 : 1 : 4) в сторону преобладания углеводной пищи в рационе [1,4,10,11,14].…”

Section: особенности питания российских студентовunclassified

“…Na+ встречается практически во всех продуктах, при этом бóльшая его часть поступает из пищевой соли. Согласно данным ВОЗ, рекомендуемая норма потребления соли составляет менее 5 г/сут., однако в настоящее время в рацион населения, в том числе студентов, входит примерно 9-12 г [14,39]. Избыток пищевого Na+ ассоциирован с риском развития ССЗ, гипертонии и хронической болезни почек [59,68,69].…”

Section: риски развития алиментарных заболеванийunclassified

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The structure of nutrition of Russian students as a risk factor for the development of nutritional diseases

Kruglikova

Chanchaeva

Айзман

2021

Acta biomedica scientifica

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The paper analyzes the literature data on the peculiarities of nutrition of students studying in higher educational institutions of various regions of Russia, and the risks of developing food-related diseases. They are largely associated with the adaptation of students to study at a university, the lack of self-organization skills and a lack of knowledge in matters of rational nutrition. The actual nutrition of students, on the one hand, is characterized by a lack of macronutrients and micronutrients intake, on the other hand, by excessive consumption of substances that contribute to the development of obesity. The results of numerous studies show a general pattern of unbalanced nutrition of students in terms of the ratio of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, insufficient consumption of dietary fiber, full-fledged proteins, and excessive intake of simple carbohydrates. Dietary fiber deficiency can lead to changes in the composition of the microbiocenosis of the digestive tract, a deficiency of omega-3 fatty acids, and consequently, the imbalance of fatty acid composition of the blood cell membrane. 20–40 % of Russian students show signs of severe hypovitaminosis, especially calciferol, which is caused not only by its deficiency in the diet, but also by physical, geographical, climatic and seasonal factors. The analysis of the content of the main minerals in students shows a sufficient content of calcium in the body, an excess of sodium and a lack of magnesium, potassium and iron, which is due to both the composition of the food consumed and the peculiarities of the accumulation and excretion of these ions. An analysis of the actual nutrition of students shows the need for counseling young people, especially in the first years of study. The introduction of an educational program on optimal nutrition is possible through the practice of curatorial work during the adaptation of the first-year students to student’s life.

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Section: особенности питания российских студентовunclassified