“…For example, IoT can transform many existing industrial systems such as transportation, energy, and manufacturing methods, decrease energy use of households and companies, and reduce energy consumption [71]. In addition, IoT can be used to deploy, monitor, and measure the quality of air, airborne particles, or particulate matter (e.g., PM2.5 and PM10), the flow of traffic, and the application of evehicles [72,73]. For example, a recent United Kingdom government report indicates that petrol and diesel-engine vehicles emit many pollutants, including CO 2 , nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5).…”