Results of in vitro chemotherapy of apple cv. Fragrance - Short communication

Abstract

Parštein F., Sedlák J., Svobodová L., Polák J., Gadiou S., 2013. Results of in vitro chemotherapy of apple cultivar Fragrance -Short communication. Hort. Sci. (Prague),.Th e eff ect of the chemotherapy with ribavirin on the elimination of the pome fruit viruses from in vitro grown plants of infected apple cv. Fragnance has been investigated. Th e results of ELISA and RT-PCR testing proved the presence of mixed infection of Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV), Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV) and Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) in the initial fi eld-grown tree of this apple cultivar. Obtained actively growing in vitro shoots with welldeveloped leaves and shoot tips were subsequently used for chemotherapy with ribavirin. Attempts to fully eliminate viruses by ribavirin in lower concentration 20 mg/l were not successful. However in vitro plants of one mericlone (FR1R20) sanitated from ASPV and ASGV, which were infected with ACLSV only after the fi rst chemotherapy cycle, were subjected to repeated treatment on medium with higher ribavirin concentration 100 mg/l. Th e success of chemotherapy with ribavirin at 100 mg/l was 76% for ACLSV elimination after the second round. In the course of both chemotherapy cycles (20 mg/l and 100 mg/l), in vitro plants did not display symptoms of phytotoxicity.

In vitro tissue culture of apple and other Malus species: recent advances and applications

“…Ribavirin concentration higher than 40 mg/l was found to be phytotoxic to in vitro apple cultures (James et al 1997;Hu et al 2015). Genotype-specific responses to ribavirin concentration may be responsible for such differences (Paprštein et al 2013).…”

“…In vitro culture is a successful method to eradicate apple viruses and detailed information on this subject before the twenty-first century can be found in several comprehensive reviews (Laimer and Barba 2011;Panattoni et al 2013;Barba et al 2015). Advances on this subject since 2000 reported improvements of in vitro-based methods for apple virus eradication, including thermotherapy (Paprštein et al 2008;Hu et al 2015bHu et al , 2017Vivek and Modgil 2018;Wang et al 2018b), chemotherapy (James et al 1997;Paprštein et al 2013;Hu et al 2015b), combining chemotherapy with thermotherapy (Hu et al 2015b), shoot tip culture from adventitious buds (Wang et al 2016), cryotherapy (Li et al 2016;Romadanova et al 2016a;Bettoni et al 2018) and combining thermotherapy with cryotherapy (Zhao et al 2018) (Fig. 5).…”

In vitro thermotherapy-based methods for plant virus eradication

“…Filter-sterilized antivirus agents caused much severer toxic to plants but produced higher frequencies of PVY-free plants than the autoclaved agents, indicating autoclaving may reduce effects of antivirus agents on virus eradication [ 79 ]. In many cases, filter-sterilized antivirus agents were added to the medium after autoclaving [ 34 , 55 , 60 , 69 , 77 , 80 , 81 ], and in some cases, antivirus agents were added to the medium before autoclaving [ 35 ].…”

“…High temperatures cause stress to plants [ 52 , 53 ] and antivirus chemicals are toxic to plants [ 19 , 31 , 34 , 68 , 80 , 81 ]. These create ricks of genetic variations in plants regenerated following thermotherapy-based methods.…”

Cryobiotechnology of Plants: A Hot Topic Not Only for Gene Banks

“…Another method used for plant pathogen elimination is chemotherapy. In this technique, in vitro-grown plants are treated with antiviral chemicals like ribavirin, whose positive effect on virus eradication has been reported [46,47]. In this method, optimization of the dose and duration of the treatment is crucial because a high concentration of antiviral compounds in the culture medium can negatively affect the growth of in vitro plants through their phytotoxic activity.…”