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С огласно данным ВОЗ ежегодно в мире на свет появляется 15 млн недоношенных детей, т.е. практически каждый десятый новорожденный. При этом недоношенность и ее осложнения служат главной причиной летальности у детей до 5-летнего возраста. Частота преждевременных родов колеблется в мире то 5 до 18%. Существенные различия по смертности недоношенных детей связаны с низкими материальными возможностями в отдельных странах. Так, 50% детей, рожденных на сроке геста-© Коллектив авторов, 2020 Адрес для корреспонденции: Сафина Асия Ильдусовна-д.м.н., проф., зав. кафедрой педиатрии и неонатологии Казанской государственной медицинской академии,
С огласно данным ВОЗ ежегодно в мире на свет появляется 15 млн недоношенных детей, т.е. практически каждый десятый новорожденный. При этом недоношенность и ее осложнения служат главной причиной летальности у детей до 5-летнего возраста. Частота преждевременных родов колеблется в мире то 5 до 18%. Существенные различия по смертности недоношенных детей связаны с низкими материальными возможностями в отдельных странах. Так, 50% детей, рожденных на сроке геста-© Коллектив авторов, 2020 Адрес для корреспонденции: Сафина Асия Ильдусовна-д.м.н., проф., зав. кафедрой педиатрии и неонатологии Казанской государственной медицинской академии,
The problems of medical rehabilitation of children with bronchial asthma are relevant for the national health care due to the high prevalence of the disease in the child population and the possibility of disability. Currently, the role of weather factors in the development of meteopathic reactions in children suffering from bronchial asthma is increasing. Meteopathological reactions can be manifested by increased symptoms of the disease and ventilation disorders, as well as they reduce the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures. In this regard, research devoted to the development of methods for the prevention and correction of manifestations of weather dependence using natural and climatic factors is of particular interest. Aim. The study aimed to assess the bioclimatic potential of the resort of Gelendzhik city and to develop methods for the prevention of meteopathic reactions in children with bronchial asthma. Material and methods. The research was conducted on the basis of the SRC “Vulan” (Gelendzhik). Features of biotropic weather conditions influence and meteopathic reactions development were studied in 119 children with bronchial asthma aged 5 to 15 years. Microclimatic features of the Sanatorium “Vulan” territory were studied using an automated system of medical and meteorological weather forecasting. Methods of climate therapy included dosed sun and air baths, which were prescribed taking into account the severity of the disease and the degree of child’s adaptation to the climatic conditions of the sanatorium. Results and discussion. The study of the bioclimatic potential showed that the territory of the Sanatorium “Vulan” can be attributed to the resort area with a sparing effect of the climate on the child’s body and with favorable microclimatic conditions that allow to widely include all types of climatotherapy in treatment and rehabilitation programs. Against the background of the dosed climate therapy, the majority of children (82.1%) had decreased manifestations of increased weather sensitivity, improved respiratory function and increased indicators of the psychoemotional status of children with bronchial asthma. Conclusion. Improved and scientifically-based technologies for dosing of the climate-related procedures, which are included in the programs of sanatorium-resort treatment of children with bronchial asthma, can significantly reduce the frequency of weather-related reactions.
Introduction. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic neonatal lung disease, with oxygen dependence by 36 weeks post conceptual age (PCA). Over the past decade, the frequency of the disease has increased. More and more modern scientific data are published that BPD has an adverse effect not just the development of the lungs, but also on the cardiovascular system. There is a large amount of information in the literature about the outcomes of BPD, but there is not enough information about the consequences of cardiovascular disorders in children with a history of BPD. Lack of clear criteria to predict and prevent to demonstrate cardiovascular disorders, were the basis for a detailed study of the literature concerning this issue.Purpose of the study based on study of the results of studies by local and foreign authors, to analyze the nature of cardiovascular disorders in children with a history of BPD, and to determine directions for more detailed scientific and practical search for a solution to this problem.Materials and methods. Research articles were searched for keywords “bronchopulmonary dysplasia” and “сardiovascular disorders” in the PubMed, UpToDate, Google Scholar databases, eLibrary.ru. At least 80 publications have been extracted from search results for simplification. Analyses of the results of studies by local and foreign authors on outcomes, BPD, including cardiovascular disorders, was carried out.Results and discussion. At the moment, the outcomes of BPD are well understood, while few information on cardiovascular disorders and possible prognosis for children who have undergone BPD.Conclusion. Cardiovascular disorders in children with a history of BPD are a pressing problem in pediatric practice. The presented literature review summarizes the information accumulated over several years on the outcomes of cardiovascular changes and determines the direction for further study of the problem, involving pediatricians and doctors of other specialties in order to identify groups at increased risk for the development of these diseases in children.
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