Partial discharge of GIS equipment refers to various discharge phenomena caused by breakdown of local areas within the switching equipment. By monitoring GIS Partial discharge, insulation accidents can be effectively prevented. Currently, GIS equipment detection methods lack multi parameter information fusion state diagnosis methods for GIS equipment, and equipment state assessment techniques and operation and maintenance strategies based on GIS equipment multi basic parameters have not been formed. Setting up a simulation platform for the propagation characteristics of weak signals of electrical and optical state parameters inside GIS equipment, and mining the mathematical relationship between multi-source information and the type and deterioration degree of insulation defects inside GIS equipment by data analysis is helpful to evaluate the condition of GIS equipment, and then formulate reasonable operation and inspection strategies to ensure reliable operation of power grid.