Resveratrol in the treatment of neuroblastoma: a review

Abstract

Resveratrol, polyphenol naturally occurring in grapes or nuts, has anti-cancer properties in the treatment of neuroblastoma – the most common childhood solid tumor. It affects cancer cells by increasing apoptosis, inducing cell necrosis and reducing tumor mass. Mechanism of action – (1) converting procaspases, mainly procaspases three and nine into active forms – caspases, (2) blocking kinases, and also (3) leading the cell to the S-cell cycle, where it is most effective while increasing the concentration of cyclin E and lowering the concentration of p21 protein. In vitro, as well as, rodent animal models studies are available and show promising results. Therapeutic doses, currently within 10–100 μmol/L, are also being tested, as well as other forms of resveratrol, such as its trans-4,4′-dihydroxystilbene analog and polyphenol lipoconjugates. In our review, we presented the known molecular mechanisms of polyphenol anti-tumor activity against neuroblastoma and discussed the studies confirming its effectiveness.

Development of carboxymethyl chitosan-coated zein/soy lecithin nanoparticles for the delivery of resveratrol

“…[6][7][8] Resveratrol (Res), one of the representative natural polyphenols, has attracted a lot of attention in the food and healthcare fields. [9][10][11] However, Res is a lipophilic compound with poor aqueous solubility (less than 0.05 mg mL −1 ); its biologi-cally active isomer in the trans-form is easily converted into the cis-form under sunlight exposure, which results in a low activity isomer. Besides, the bioavailability of orally administered Res is no more than 1% owing to the glucuronic acid conjugation and sulfation taking place in the intestine and liver.…”

Progress of oncolytic virotherapy for neuroblastoma

“…As the most common extracranial solid tumor in children, NB is the most commonly diagnosed (about 36%) oncological disease in patients under one year old. It's usually diagnosed at a very young age with a median age of 17 months, and nearly 75%-90% of cases are found in children younger than 5 years old (2,3). Interestingly, NB often regresses spontaneously, and it's regarded as one of the tumors with the highest rate of spontaneous and complete regression (3)(4)(5).…”