Resveratrol Mitigates Metabolism in Human Microglia Cells

Abstract

The recognition of the role of microglia cells in neurodegenerative diseases has steadily increased over the past few years. There is growing evidence that the uncontrolled and persisting activation of microglial cells is involved in the progression of diseases such as Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s disease. The inflammatory activation of microglia cells is often accompanied by a switch in metabolism to higher glucose consumption and aerobic glycolysis. In this study, we investigate the changes induced by the natural antioxidant resveratrol in a human microglia cell line. Resveratrol is renowned for its neuroprotective properties, but little is known about its direct effect on human microglia cells. By analyzing a variety of inflammatory, neuroprotective, and metabolic aspects, resveratrol was observed to reduce inflammasome activity, increase the release of insulin-like growth factor 1, decrease glucose uptake, lower mitochondrial activity, and attenuate cellular metabolism in a 1H NMR-based analysis of whole-cell extracts. To this end, studies were mainly performed by analyzing the effect of exogenous stressors such as lipopolysaccharide or interferon gamma on the metabolic profile of microglial cells. Therefore, this study focuses on changes in metabolism without any exogenous stressors, demonstrating how resveratrol might provide protection from persisting neuroinflammation.

Resveratrol Activates Antioxidant Protective Mechanisms in Cellular Models of Alzheimer’s Disease Inflammation

“…This is the case of the modulation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2 [101,102] and mitogen-activated protein kinases (ERK1/2, JNK, and p38) [45]. Recent insights into the contributions of resveratrol against persistent neuroinflammation include improving mitochondrial status and glucose metabolism in microglia [47,99,103].…”

Resveratrol and Neuroinflammation: Total-Scale Analysis of the Scientific Literature

“…In the subsequent years, most studies continued to examine the effect of resveratrol on microglia-mediated neuroinflammation [25,43,[60][61][62][63]. Additionally, researchers explored its impact on neuroinflammation induced by the β-amyloid protein (Aβ), an experimental model of AD [64][65][66].…”

Effects of micromachining on anti-oxidant elution from a mechanically-adaptive polymer

“…Although the lower percent weight films' release may be below the limit of detection in our detection system, the 0.01% wt concentration was shown to be optimal in microglial populations [33], and the release profile can be extrapolated to the lower concentration. The long-lasting, controlled resveratrol release is ideal for in vivo use, as the antioxidative and antiinflammatory properties of resveratrol may lessen chronic neuroinflammation [33,69,70]. There is a distinct peak in the 1% RES between 306-317 nm, the wavelength at which trans-resveratrol absorbs.…”