Resveratrol Prevents ROS‐Induced Apoptosis in High Glucose‐Treated Retinal Capillary Endothelial Cells via the Activation of AMPK/Sirt1/PGC‐1α Pathway

Abstract

Resveratrol (RSV) is used as a protective therapy against diabetic retinopathy. However, the mechanism(s) underlying this protective effect has not been fully elucidated. Bovine retinal capillary endothelial cells (BRECs), an in vitro model, were used to investigate the mechanism of RSV. Our results showed that high glucose induced significant cellular apoptosis in BRECs, which was accompanied by increased intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cleaved caspase-3. The glucose-induced apoptosis and ROS elevation were both inhibited by RSV. High glucose was found to decrease the levels of phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), which was accompanied by increased levels of Sirt1 and PGC-1α. These changes were reversed by RSV. We also demonstrated that AMPK regulates the modulations of Sirt1 and PGC-1α using specific inhibitors of AMPK and Sirt1 and small interfering RNAs of PGC-1α. In summary, the current study demonstrates that RSV is effective against high glucose-induced cellular apoptosis and its action is exerted via the inhibition of ROS/AMPK/Sirt1/PGC-1α pathway.

Gastrodin inhibits high glucose‑induced human retinal endothelial cell apoptosis by regulating the SIRT1/TLR4/NF‑κBp65 signaling pathway

“…To date, mitochondrial production of ROS in response to HG may also be a key initiating step in the pathogenesis of DR (29). Our results showed that HG stimulation caused significant increase in the production of ROS in HRECs and the involvement of transcription levels of the oxidative stress associated genes was confirmed.…”

Caffeic Acid Alkyl Amide Derivatives Ameliorate Oxidative Stress and Modulate ERK1/2 and AKT Signaling Pathways in a Rat Model of Diabetic Retinopathy

“…Other previous investigations have similarly demonstrated that resveratrol lowers ROS levels and increases SOD activity in vitro . Also in animal models of DR, resveratrol has been shown to decrease iPF 2 α levels, increase SOD activity and reduce glutathione levels .…”

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells—new and exciting players in lung cancer

“…Resveratrol (RSV) is a pleiotropic phytochemical found in peanuts and grapes that has been indicated to provide a wide range of health benefits, such as reducing oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic signals [122]-protecting against neurological decline [123], improving cardiovascular health [124], ameliorating diabetes [125], and preventing cancer [126]. The anticancer properties of RSV act through diverse molecular mechanisms that have been investigated in a plethora of cellular and animal models [127,128]…”