Retention and disruption of motion information in visual short-term memory.

Magnussen, Svein; Greenlee, Mark W.

doi:10.1037/0278-7393.18.1.151

Cited by 86 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In healthy human observers, velocity information can be stored in visual memory with perfect accuracy for periods up to 30 set (Magnussen and Greenlee, 1992). These results are replicated by our control group who show no tendency for thresholds to increase when the IS1 is lengthened from 1 to 10 sec.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…These results are replicated by our control group who show no tendency for thresholds to increase when the IS1 is lengthened from 1 to 10 sec. The perfect storage of stimulus velocity information can be disturbed by introducing a "memory masker" during the retention interval (Magnussen and Greenlee, 1992). Interestingly, the memory masking effect was greatest for maskers differing along the velocity dimension, whereas it was independent of the relative direction of the masker.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Healthy human observers can correctly discriminate small differences in the velocity of moving targets (Notterman and Page, 1957;Brandalise and Gottsdanker, 1959;Mandriota et al, 1962;McKee, 1981;Orban et al, 1984), and this precision can be maintained despite random variations in the contrast and spatial frequency of the grating stimuli (McKee et al, 1986). In addition, stimulus velocity can also be stored in visual short-term memory for durations up to 10 set without loss of precision (Magnussen and Greenlee, 1992). A similar precision in visual short-term memory has been demonstrated for information about the spatial frequency of stationary grating stimuli (Magnussen et al, 1990(Magnussen et al, , 1991, suggesting the possible existence of specialpurpose memory mechanisms for such basic visual stimulus dimensions (Magnussen et al, 1995).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visual short-term memory of stimulus velocity in patients with unilateral posterior brain damage

Greenlee¹,

Lang²,

Mergner³

et al. 1995

J. Neurosci.

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Neurophysiological studies indicate the existence of an area in the extrastriate monkey cortex specialized for the processing of stimulus motion. The present investigation was conducted to determine whether a homologous area exits in the human cortex that underlies the processing and short-term storage of velocity information. Contrast detection and velocity discrimination thresholds were measured in a group of 23 patients with unilateral focal damage to either the lateral occipital, temporal, or posterior parietal cortex. Their results were compared to those of 23 age-matched control subjects. Detection and discrimination thresholds were determined for spatially truncated sinewave gratings presented 4 degrees eccentric of fixation randomly in either the left and right visual fields. Contrast detection thresholds were measured in a spatial two-alternative forced-choice paradigm for three different drift rates (1, 2, and 4 Hz) for leftward and rightward drift directions. Simultaneous velocity discrimination thresholds were determined for reference and test gratings presented 4 degrees left and right of fixation. Sequential velocity discrimination thresholds were measured using a delay, with a interstimulus interval (ISIs) of 1, 3, and 10 sec. In a subset of five patients with superior temporal lobe damage, spatial frequency discrimination thresholds for stationary gratings were also determined. The results indicate the following: (1) contrast detection thresholds for drifting gratings did not significantly differ between the patient and control groups; (2) velocity discrimination thresholds were significantly elevated in the patients; (3) velocity discrimination thresholds significantly increased with increasing ISI in the patients; (4) velocity discrimination thresholds were elevated most when the patients had a lesion in the superior temporal cortex; (5) in the subgroup of five patients with superior temporal lobe damage, spatial frequency discrimination thresholds were not significantly elevated. The results suggest that there is a visual area in the human posterior temporal cortex that is involved in the processing and short-term storage of the velocity of moving visual stimuli.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visual short-term memory of stimulus velocity in patients with unilateral posterior brain damage

Greenlee¹,

Lang²,

Mergner³

et al. 1995

J. Neurosci.

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“…In these tests a subject is asked to compare two stimuli that are separated by some amount of time. The general result of this research has been that the amount of time separating these two stimuli has little or no effect on the discrimination threshold (Bennett & Cortese, 1996;Blake, Cepeda, & Hiris, 1997;Greenlee, Rischewski, Mergner, & Seeger, 1993;Lee & Harris, 1996;Magnussen & Dyrnes, 1994;Magnussen & Greenlee, 1992;Magnussen, Greenlee, Asplund, & Dyrnes, 1990, 1991Magnussen, Greenlee, & Thomas, 1996;Magnussen, Idås, & Myhre, 1998;Magnussen, Landrø, & Johnsen, 1985;Nilson & Nelson, 1981;Regan, 1985;Vogels & Orban, 1986). These findings have been taken as evidence for very good or even "perfect" memory (Magnussen, 2000;Magnussen & Greenlee, 1999;Reinvang, Magnussen, Greenlee, & Larsson, 1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 63%

On the use of discrimination to assess memory

Skottun¹

2004

Perception & Psychophysics

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“…Visual persistence or iconic memory refers to the retention of perceptual experience, which can be recalled if not masked within a very short period of time (Ͻ0.5 s) (1)(2)(3)(4). Visual short-term memory, persisting for seconds, was demonstrated in visual discrimination tasks in humans for image features such as spatial frequency (5,6), orientation (7), and direction of motion (8). Exposure to a visual stimulus also has a persisting effect on sensory detection related to receding visual targets, without the observer consciously recalling the first (prime) stimulus-a phenomenon termed repetition priming (9).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A perceptual memory for low-contrast visual signals

Tanaka

Sagi

1998

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Detection of a visual signal can be facilitated by simultaneous presentation of a similar subthreshold signal. Here we show that the facilitatory effect of a subthreshold signal can persist for more than 16 s. Presenting a nearthreshold Gabor signal (prime) produced a phase-independent increase in contrast sensitivity (40%) to similar successive signals (target) for a period of up to 16 s. This effect was obtained only when both prime and target were presented to the same eye. We further show that the memory trace is inactivated by presenting high-contrast signals before the target. These results suggest that activated neurons in the primary visual cortex retain a near-threshold memory trace that persists until reactivated.

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Retention and disruption of motion information in visual short-term memory.

Cited by 86 publications

References 20 publications

Visual short-term memory of stimulus velocity in patients with unilateral posterior brain damage

Visual short-term memory of stimulus velocity in patients with unilateral posterior brain damage

On the use of discrimination to assess memory

A perceptual memory for low-contrast visual signals

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