Retention marker excretion suggests incomplete digesta mixing across the order primates

Matsuda, Ikki; Espinosa-Gómez, Fabiola Carolina; Ortmann, Sylvia; Sha, John Chih Mun; Osman, Ismon; Nijboer, Joeke; Schwarm, Angela; Ikeda, Takayoshi; Clauss, Marcus

doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112558

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, the broader range of diet items of different quality in primates compared to ruminant diets is likely responsible for the demonstration of a diet effect on reproductive seasonality in primates but not in ruminants. Given the generally less‐pronounced adaptations for a strictly folivorous diet in primates as compared to ruminants and other ungulates (Müller et al ., 2011; Matsuda et al ., 2019), it may be that few strictly folivorous primates can achieve sufficient nutrient extraction rates to sustain the shorter gestation periods linked to highly seasonal reproduction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive seasonality in primates: patterns, concepts and unsolved questions

et al. 2020

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive seasonality in primates: patterns, concepts and unsolved questions

et al. 2020

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“…macconnelli: Julliot and Sabatier, 1993;A. caraya: Bravo and Sallenave, 2003;Kowalewski, 2007) and show comparatively long digestion and ingesta retention time than other neotropical primates, which occurs mainly during the night (Milton, 1981;Espinosa-Gómez et al, 2013, Matsuda et al, 2019. Thus, we suggest that the adoption of the sit-in posture during sleep likely provides the necessary stability and positioning for facilitating advanced digestive processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…The current study is a first attempt to systematically record postural behavior, substrate characteristics, and crown location during sleep in three species of howler monkeys across the distributional range of the genus Alouatta. Previously, Mendel (1976) provided an early attempt to explore the selection of postures in relation to substrates, tree parts, and anatomical correlations, but his study was restricted to mantled howlers (A. palliata). Our comparative study showed that howlers exhibited common sleeping patterns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postural behavior of howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata, A. macconnelli, and A. caraya) during sleep: an assessment across the genus range

2020

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Abstract. Sleep is the longest and most continuous behavioral phase in the 24 h cycle of mammals. However, selection of postures, substrates, and tree parts during sleep has not been adequately explored, as well as their evolutionary consequences. The present study investigates postural behavior, substrate, and tree part use during sleep in three howler species (A. palliata, A. macconnelli, and A. caraya) in Nicaragua, French Guiana, and Argentina. All three species were consistent in the use of a crouched ball-like sit-in posture on large, horizontal, unramified, or bifurcated substrates, and in avoiding the periphery of tree crowns. The regularities of these sleeping patterns are very likely functionally associated with protection from potential predators and extreme weather conditions, biomechanical stability, thermoregulation, and enhancement of the digestive process of hard-to-decompose plant material.

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“…Relationship between mean retention time (h) and relative dry matter intake (g/kg 0.75 /d) in 10 colobine species: Colobus angolensis [40], Colobus guereza [16], Nasalis larvatus [41], Pygathrix nemaeus [16], Semnopithecus cristatus [15], Semnopithecus vetulus [42], Trachypithecus auratus [26], Trachypithecus francoisi [16] and Trachypithecus johnii [40]. Note that species and stomach type, i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apparent diet digestibility of captive colobines in relation to stomach types with special reference to fibre digestion

Hoshino¹,

Seino²,

Funahashi³

et al. 2021

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Colobine monkeys are known for the anatomical complexity of their stomachs, making them distinct within the primate order. Amongst foregut fermenters, they appear peculiar because of the occurrence of two different stomach types, having either three (tripartite) or four (quadripartite, adding the praesaccus) chambers. The functional differences between tri and quadripartite stomachs largely remain to be explained. In this study, we aim to compare the apparent digestibility (aD) in tripartite and quadripartite colobines. Hence, we measured the aD in two colobine species, Nasalis larvatus (quadripartite) and Trachypithecus cristatus (tripartite), in two zoos. We also included existing colobine literature data on the aD and analysed whether the aD of fibre components is different between the stomach types to test the hypothesis of whether quadripartite colobines show higher aD of fibre components than tripartite colobines did. Our captive N. larvatus specimen had a more distinctively varying nutrient intake across seasons with a larger seasonal variation in aD than that of a pair of T. cristatus, which mostly consumed commercial foods with a lower proportion of browse and less seasonal variation. We observed higher aD of dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) in the N. larvatus specimen, suggesting a higher gut capacity of N. larvatus provided by the additional praesaccus forestomach chamber. Based on the analysis of literature data for aD, we also found that quadripartite species achieved higher fibre digestibility at similar dietary fibre levels compared with tripartite species, supporting the hypothesis that the additional gut capacity offered by the praesaccus facilitates a longer retention and hence more thorough microbial fermentation of plant fibre.

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Retention marker excretion suggests incomplete digesta mixing across the order primates

Cited by 12 publications

References 84 publications

Reproductive seasonality in primates: patterns, concepts and unsolved questions

Reproductive seasonality in primates: patterns, concepts and unsolved questions

Postural behavior of howler monkeys (<i>Alouatta palliata</i>, <i>A. macconnelli</i>, and <i>A. caraya</i>) during sleep: an assessment across the genus range

Apparent diet digestibility of captive colobines in relation to stomach types with special reference to fibre digestion

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Retention marker excretion suggests incomplete digesta mixing across the order primates

Cited by 12 publications

References 84 publications

Reproductive seasonality in primates: patterns, concepts and unsolved questions

Reproductive seasonality in primates: patterns, concepts and unsolved questions

Postural behavior of howler monkeys (&lt;i&gt;Alouatta palliata&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;A. macconnelli&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;A. caraya&lt;/i&gt;) during sleep: an assessment across the genus range

Apparent diet digestibility of captive colobines in relation to stomach types with special reference to fibre digestion

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Postural behavior of howler monkeys (<i>Alouatta palliata</i>, <i>A. macconnelli</i>, and <i>A. caraya</i>) during sleep: an assessment across the genus range