Retention of a brightness discrimination following neocortical damage in the rat.

Thompson, Robert

doi:10.1037/h0042905

Cited by 80 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The findings for 8-KBMM, which confirmed a result of Petrinovich and Carew (1969), had also indicated that it doesn't matter whether the injuries are inflicted in one or two stages. However, the 8-GLEN and 9-GLEN studies, which confirmed an observation of Thompson (1960), showed that protection of ultimate retention can be obtained provided that serial preparations are given retraining on the BW problem following their first-stage ablations.…”

Section: Recoveries From Amnesias 59mentioning

confidence: 72%

Effects of mixed training and overtraining on recoveries from amnesias in rats with visual cortical ablations

Gray

Meyer

1981

Psychobiology

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This investigation was concerned with the question of whether amnesias for simple visual tasks which result from injuries to the visual cortex can be corrected via training on other visual tasks. Such effects were noted, but only when the problems shared a common mode of solution.It was also observed, in contradiction to a classical conclusion of Lashley, that extensive preoperative overtraining conveys some protection of postoperative performance of the blackwhite discrimination problem.Many years ago, Chow (1952) trained monkeys on visual discrimination problems of kinds that are not ordinarily rememberable by animals with injuries to the temporal isocortex. After operation, he trained his subjects on three new discrimination problems, and then found that their performance of the tasks they had learned prior to surgery was impaired hardly at all. Therefore he concluded that the temporal-lobe

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Section: Recoveries From Amnesias 59mentioning

confidence: 72%

Effects of mixed training and overtraining on recoveries from amnesias in rats with visual cortical ablations

Gray

Meyer

1981

Psychobiology

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“…Several have confirmed his observation that ablations of the posterior neocortex will completely suppress postoperative performance on the black-white problem (e.g., Glendenning, 1972; Gray & Meyer, 1981;Horel, Bettinger, Royce, & Meyer, 1966;LeVere & Morlock, 1973;Meyer, Yutzey, Dalby, & Meyer, 1968;Petrinovich & Carew, 1969;Thompson, 1960), but that such injuries have a very small effect upon the rate at which the problem is learned by preoperatively naive subjects (Bodart, Hata, Meyer, & Meyer, 1980;Horel et aI., 1966;Jonason, Lauber, Robbins, Meyer, & Meyer, 1970;see Gray & Meyer, 1981, for review). Indeed, the sole discrepancy between his obThis research was supported by a grant in aid from the Donald Jansen Fund of Ohio State University.…”

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confidence: 72%

“…Hence, unless other treatments are employed, there is no "serial lesion effect" (Finger, 1978;Finger, Walbran, & Stein, 1973). However, if two-stage posterior preparations are given inter operative retraining, they then exhibit sparing of ultimate performance on the black-white problem (Glendenning, 1972;Gray & Meyer, 1981;Thompson, 1960). That effect is not due simply to extra training, since equivalent amounts of overtraining prior to surgery fail to yield it (Glendenning, 1972;.…”

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confidence: 99%

Inductions of recoveries from injuries to the cortex: Dissociation of equipotential and regionally specific mechanisms

Cloud

Meyer

1982

Psychobiology

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Rats were first trained on a black-white discrimination problem and were then subjected to either one-quadrant or two-quadrant neocortical injuries. Following a test of retention, the subjects again sustained one-quadrant or two-quadrant lesions, always such that one quadrant remained intact. Another test of retention was administered, and then some subjects were completely decorticated by removal of the final remaining quadrant, followed by a final retention test. The effects on retention following the first-stage lesions suggested the existence of an equipotential, cortically related retrieval mechanism. The deficits in performance following secondstage injuries suggested the existence of a second, independent, posteriorly specific mechanism. The findings demonstrated that not only does interoperative retraining facilitate retrieval of preoperatively established memories, but also that injuries to any component of the cortex will induce reorganizations that will then prevent memory-retrieval deficits after any combination of subsequent injuries to the cortex. Lashley (1935), in a classical investigation, examined the effects of neocortical ablations on learning and relearning of a black-white discrimination problem. He observed that performance on the problem is cortically dependent if the cortex is intact. He also observed that rats with injuries to the visual or posterior neocortex are able to learn the task as quickly as normal animals, and that lesions of the extravisual or anterior cortex have no effect on postoperative performance of the task. Hence, he concluded that training on the problem results in the storage of a memory by the cortex, provided that the cortex is intact, but if the cortex is not intact, the trace or engram is formed by subcortical systems.Lashley's basic paradigm has since been utilized by many other students of recoveries of functions after injuries to the cerebral cortex. Several have confirmed his observation that ablations of the posterior neocortex will completely suppress postoperative performance on the black-white problem (e.g., Glendenning,

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“…The tendency of rats with a small part of their visual field intact (eye contralateral to lesion) to behave like striate animals makes it seem likely thatloss ofthe brightness habit could vary with lesion size. The performances of the unilateral striate rats may also bear on investigations of two stage removals of striate cortex (e.g., Thompson, 1960). These studies indicate that during the inter-operative interval the animals may learn something that can later bring about savings in retention of habits based on light.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cues utilized by normal and posterior-neodecorticate rats in the Yerkes brightness discrimination task

Goodale

Cooper

1965

Psychon Sci

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Retention of a brightness discrimination following neocortical damage in the rat.

Cited by 80 publications

References 6 publications

Effects of mixed training and overtraining on recoveries from amnesias in rats with visual cortical ablations

Effects of mixed training and overtraining on recoveries from amnesias in rats with visual cortical ablations

Inductions of recoveries from injuries to the cortex: Dissociation of equipotential and regionally specific mechanisms

Cues utilized by normal and posterior-neodecorticate rats in the Yerkes brightness discrimination task

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