Retention of Glucose in Oral Fluid at Different Sites in the Mouth

Weatherell, J.A.; Strong, M.; Robinson, C.; Nakagaki, Haruo; Ralph, J P

doi:10.1159/000261217

Cited by 31 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The clearance halftimes on the buccal surfaces of the upper anterior teeth were the longest of any site in the mouth. Weatherell, et al [2] and Watanabe [3] reported the same results. These show that the saliva secreted into oral cavity is not perfectly mixed.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Fluoride retention in the mouth during awake and sleep

Pai¹,

Ōno²,

Oba³

et al. 2017

Dent Oral Craniofac Res

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Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of salivary flow rate on fluoride retention in the mouth and to measure the site-specificity of them when six healthy adults were awake and when they had been sleeping.Methods: 40 mg of NaF and 5 ml distilled water were mixed with 0.15 g of agarose which was heated until the agarose dissolved. Aliquots were pipetted into holders (diameter 4 mm, depth 1 mm) and there were bonded onto mouth guards produced from each subject. The bonding sites were on the upper anterior buccal (UAB), the upper posterial buccal (UPB), and the lower anterior lingual (LAL). When the subjects were awake, the mouth guards were fixed in the mouth and exposed to saliva for 15, 45 minutes. The agarose was taken out of the holder and put into 2 ml of distilled water for 90 minutes and the fluoride concentration were measured by a fluoride ion meter. To examine the retention of fluoride in the mouth during sleep, the mouth guards were placed before going to bed (0:00 am.) and removed at 6:30 am and the fluoride concentration measured as above. Results: The fluoride clearance from various sites in the mouth was extremely lower when subjects were asleep than when they were awake.When the subjects were awake, the half-times (the time for the initial fluoride concentration to decrease by half ) were highest in UAB and lowest in LAL. When the subjects had slept, the clearance rates of fluoride from the gel were also showed the same results of the above. Conclusion:The retention of fluoride in the mouth is affected by salivary flow rate and the fluoride concentration in the saliva was kept at high level for a long time during sleeping.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Fluoride retention in the mouth during awake and sleep

Pai¹,

Ōno²,

Oba³

et al. 2017

Dent Oral Craniofac Res

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“…A low pH at the site below the contact area could lead to an increase in the proportions of lactobacilli and streptococci in plaque at this site. In addition to saliva exclusion, carbohydrate tends to be retained in stagnant sites, especially below the contact area [Kleinberg, 1977;Weatherell et al, 1989], a situation possibly enhanced by increased sugar intake [Wilson and Ashley, 1990] by approximal plaque. It was not practicable to ascertain meaningful data concerning fluoride supplement or sugar consumption from the study group, so the longitudinal history of the relatively low proportion of lesions was not available.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Study of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus and Lactobacillus spp. at Sub-Sites from Approximal Dental Plaque from Children

et al. 1997

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Previous immunofluorescence (IF) studies have indicated that Streptococcus mutans may preferentially colonise specific sub-sites within approximal plaque. The present study aimed to extend these observations to other mutans streptococci and lactobacilli in such gingival margin plaque. Two hundred and seventy approximal plaque samples were taken from 90 teeth (3 from each tooth) in 64 children; three gingival margin sub-sites in relation to the contact area: away from (A), to the side of (S) and below (B) the contact area. Samples were processed by indirect IF using high-titred polyclonal anti-S. mutans ‘c’, anti-S. sobrinus ‘d’, anti-L. casei and anti-L. acidophilus antisera. An overall positive association was found between S. mutans ‘c’ and S. sobrinus ‘d’ (p < 0.001). Significant differences (p < 0.1) were found between the proportional counts at each sub-site for S. mutans ‘c’: A = 39%, S = 51% and B = 70%, and for S. sobrinus ‘d’ 21, 33 and 49%. Mutans streptococci (MS) appeared to preferentially colonise the sub-site below the contact area (B = 81%), compared with sub-sites A and S (48 and 62%, respectively). S. mutans ‘c’ and S. sobrinus ‘d’ were detected together at sub-sites A = 12%, S = 22%, and B = 38%, with proportional counts at B sites being higher than those at A (B > A, p < 0.01, and B > S, p < 0.05). Lactobacillus spp. were isolated rarely, and were usually found together with MS. There was a positive relationship between the presence of lactobacilli or MS and caries (white spot lesions only), although these species could frequently be isolated from non-carious sites. The presence of both S. mutans ‘c’ and S. sobrinus ‘d’ were strongly correlated with early caries lesions. In addition, this study confirmed the variation in the microflora at different sub-sites within approximal dental plaque.

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“…30,31 It has been suggested that the anatomy and physiology of the mouth, including interproximal spaces, occlusion and soft tissue anatomy may influence the retention or clearance or liquids in the mouth. [32][33][34] The multifactorial analysis completed by Al-Malik et al 28 also found a significant association between erosion and frequency of fizzy drink consumption, with an odds ratio of 1.46, but this was for 2-5-year-olds. The demonstration of increased risk is not the same as the identification of aetiology and attempts to show a causal relationship between risk factors and erosion have failed, although the sample sizes were small.…”

Section: Main Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

A multifactorial analysis of factors associated with dental erosion

2004

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Objectives This study prospectively examines the relationship of possible aetiological factors to the presence of tooth erosion in a cohort of children. Patients and methods A random sample of 1,753 children was examined at age 12 and 1,308 of the same children were re-examined at age 14 years. The children were asked to complete questionnaires on both occasions, 1,149 subjects gave usable replies. The erosion index used was based upon the 1993 Survey of Children's Dental Health. Results were analysed using logistic regression. Results At age 12 significant positive associations were found between erosion and decay experience (odds ratio [OR]=1.48), drinking fruit juice (OR=1.42) or fizzy pop (OR = 1.59-2.52, depending on amount and frequency). The presence of calculus (OR 0.48) or eating fruit other than apples or citrus fruit (OR 0.48) reduced the chances of erosion. High consumption of carbonated drinks increased the odds of erosion being present at 12 years by 252% and was a strong predictor of the amount of erosion found at age 14. Conclusions Of the factors investigated, a history of dental caries and a high consumption of carbonated drinks were most closely related to the presence of dental erosion. The risk of erosion bore a strong relationship to the amount and frequency of carbonated drink consumption.It is only relatively recently that tooth erosion has been recognized as presenting a dental health problem in children. In 1993, the prevalence of erosion was reported as part of the national survey of Children's Dental Health in England and Wales 1 for the first time. Fifty per cent of 6-year-olds were found to have erosion and in 23% of children it had progressed into dentine. Thirty two per cent of 14-year-old children had erosion of the permanent dentition, with dentinal involvement present in 2%.The three main types of non-carious loss of dental hard tissue are attrition, abrasion and erosion. 2 Attrition implies removal of tooth surface due to movement of teeth against one another, pos-

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Retention of Glucose in Oral Fluid at Different Sites in the Mouth

Cited by 31 publications

References 7 publications

Fluoride retention in the mouth during awake and sleep

Fluoride retention in the mouth during awake and sleep

Ecological Study of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus and Lactobacillus spp. at Sub-Sites from Approximal Dental Plaque from Children

A multifactorial analysis of factors associated with dental erosion

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