Retention of ions in nanofiltration at various ionic strength

Carbon Nanotubes Anchored to Silicon for Device Fabrication

“…Moreover, as the separation mechanism of filtration membranes is normally explained in terms of surface charge and/or size exclusion (i.e., a sieving effect), [145] additional studies [131] have been undertaken to understand the selectivity of the sub-2-nm DWCNT membranes toward ion rejection or passage through the nanotube pores as a function of solution concentration, pH, ion valence and ion size. [128,131] At low pH (3.8), the surface carboxyl groups of the acid-treated nanotubes were protonated resulting in a neutral membrane, whereas at higher pH (7.2), the ionized carboxyl groups imparted an overall negative charge to the membrane surface.…”

Ionic interactions in nanofiltration of β casein peptides

“…the M5+PEI organic-inorganic monotube membrane, characterized by Chaufer et al (1996), with an active layer constituted by ZrO 2 chemically modified by polyethylenimine (PEI). To achieve chemical stability, the polymer coating was crosslinked with diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (Millesime et al, 1996).…”

Polyaminocarboxylic acids rejection by charged nanofiltration membrane

“…Rejection and transport mechanisms of inorganic ions through nanofiltration membranes have been described in several publications [1][2][3][4]. It can be applied for drinking water softening [5,6], selective concentration of uranium traces from sea water [7] or separation of metal by nanofiltration assisted by complexation [8,9].…”