ObjectiveThe current laboratory study was conducted to better quantify ingestion rates of shed passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags by hatchery‐reared Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. during captive rearing, whether this phenomenon exists among salmonid species, how long ingested tags are retained, and whether tag ingestion affects survival and growth.MethodsPassive integrated transponder tag ingestion rates were obtained for steelhead O. mykiss, Coho Salmon O. kisutch, and spring Chinook Salmon O. tshawytscha by exposing fish to loose PIT tags as a proxy for shed tags. Fish that volitionally ingested shed tags were monitored for the effect of ingested tags on individual growth, and time to tag expulsion was determined to estimate the probability of individual tag retention over time. The potential for tag collision between an ingested and implanted tag was evaluated using a three‐antenna array.ResultCoho Salmon and steelhead ingested 51% and 69% of available PIT tags, respectively, in two separate week‐long trials. Chinook Salmon did not volitionally ingest tags. Steelhead were estimated to expel ingested tags faster (50% probability of expulsion within 5 days) than Coho Salmon (50% probability of expulsion within 51 days) and Chinook Salmon (gastrically implanted tags; 50% probability of expulsion within 22 days). Across all species, 20–27% of ingested tags were retained for at least 230 days with no apparent effect on survival. Growth rates of Coho Salmon and steelhead that ingested tags were not significantly different from control fish by the end of the study. Tag detection trials used to evaluate tag collision between an ingested and an implanted PIT tag resulted in reduced implanted tag detection by 94% and reduced ingested tag detection by 85% when both tags were present within the body of a smolt‐sized salmonid.ConclusionBiologists and managers should be aware of how tag ingestion by hatchery salmonids can not only complicate the estimation of tag retention, but also cause tag collisions or the misidentification of individual fish during postrelease monitoring.