Retention of pictorial and verbal content of a text with illustrations.

Abstract

Seventy-one fourth graders read an adapted version of a "Rupert Bear" story. In the experimental condition (text with illustrations), pictures and text occasionally provided more or less contradictory information. At retention testing (immediately, after a day, or after a week), the experimental condition produced higher scores than the control (text without illustrations) for questions concerning exclusively pictorial information and for questions concerning correctly illustrated text contents. For questions concerning incongruously presented information, the experimental subjects selected more multiple-choice alternatives representing picture input, while controls preferred alternatives representing textual input. No differences were found for questions covering unillustrated text contents. Neither reading time nor imagery ability were related to retention.

Encoding and Retaining Information in the Visuals and Verbals of an Educational Movie

“…Work in information extraction from film and other dual media presentations, such as pictures and words, has been done by many authors, including Baker and Popham (1965); Dwyer (1968); Hochberg (1978); May and Lumsdaine (1958); Olson (1974);Peeck (1974); and Salomon (1979).…”

Facilitation of children’s prose recall by the presence of pictures

“…Since in the picture condition, the child could respond correctly by naming the picture, it is not surprising that he learned less about how to read the word aloud than in a word-only condition. Distracting effects of pictures on oral reading reported by Willows (1978, in press) are similarly more relevant to questions concerning attention than to those concerning effects of pictures on learning to understand print.Studies by Miller (1938) and Peeck (1974) suggest, respectively, that pictures do not facilitate comprehension, and that they have an adverse effect on the retention of information. If this is so, it is surprising, given much recent work on memory.…”

“…Studies by Miller (1938) and Peeck (1974) suggest, respectively, that pictures do not facilitate comprehension, and that they have an adverse effect on the retention of information. If this is so, it is surprising, given much recent work on memory.…”

How do young adults read directions with and without pictures?

“…Koenke (Note 1) found no difference in children's ability to state the main idea of a paragraph whether accompanied by a picture or not. Peeck (1974) used cartoon pictures selected to convey information in an accompanying story. He varied the agreement between the information contained in the pictures and that contained in the text.…”