Rethinking the paper product carbon footprint accounting standard from a life-cycle perspective

Liang, Ziyang; Deng, Huijing; Xie, Hongyi; Chen, Bin; Sun, Mingxing; Wang, Yutao

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.136352

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…PAS 2050 requires that all emissions that make a significant contribution (i.e., >1% of emissions) be included, and at least 95% of the total emissions. To put it differently, the processes that contribute less than 1% may be excluded [47].…”

Section: Standard For Product Carbon Footprint Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Building Carbon Emission Accounting Methods under Low-Carbon Building Background

Xiong,

Wang,

Mao

et al. 2024

Buildings

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With the continuous development of the global economy, carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions are persistently increasing, making global warming an indisputable fact. As a high-energy consuming industry, the building industry has gradually emerged as the primary source of greenhouse gas emissions during urban expansion. Consequently, countries are exploring sustainable development pathways for low-carbon buildings to minimize the detrimental impact caused by the construction industry. This paper summarizes the current status of low-carbon building development and, through literature analysis concerning carbon standard systems and carbon emission accountings, discusses the challenges and possible improvements for the future. Establishing a quantitative evaluation tool for carbon emissions and elucidating accounting methods in the construction field is fundamental and a prerequisite for comprehensively studying low-carbon buildings throughout their life cycle. The challenges of low-carbon building development are as follows: (1) lack of a set of carbon emission measurement standards that can be commonly used internationally, (2) lack of a deep and systematic study of the theory of carbon emission accountings and (3) difficulty in recognizing carbon emission boundaries and related data for existing carbon emission accounting methods. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the current progress in low-carbon building development, along with an examination and optimization of the application of carbon emission accounting methodologies within construction to address the challenges.

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Section: Standard For Product Carbon Footprint Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Building Carbon Emission Accounting Methods under Low-Carbon Building Background

Xiong,

Wang,

Mao

et al. 2024

Buildings

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“…Farzaneh and Jung conducted a life-cycle analysis to compare the carbon footprint of internal combustion engine vehicles and electric vehicles, they revealed that electric vehicles have a significantly lower carbon footprint per kilometer [8]. Liang et al reevaluated the three most commonly used accounting standards for paper product carbon footprint from a life-cycle perspective, they provided a more comprehensive guide for companies to assess their carbon footprint and constructed a carbon-neutral assessment system [21]. Vélez investigated the potential carbon emission reduction from car sharing and found that non-transport-related consumption could offset the carbon reduction benefits [38].…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Green technology innovation and pricing decisions considering carbon footprint and government subsidies

Liu,

Ma,

Zheng

et al. 2024

JIMO

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We have developed three distinct decision models to examine the influence of consumer's carbon footprint sensitivity level and government subsidies on the green technology innovation level of an original equipment manufacturer (OEM), as well as pricing decisions for both the OEM and a third-party remanufacturer (TPR). Our study provides valuable insights for businesses to determine the appropriate green technology innovation level and manage the adverse effects of carbon footprint. The results show that the OEM will set the green technology innovation level according to the consumer's carbon footprint sensitivity level and the remanufacturing emission reduction coefficient. Only when there is government subsidy and the carbon footprint sensitivity level exceeds a certain threshold, does the profit of OEM increase with a rise in carbon footprint sensitivity level. Otherwise, the carbon footprint only harms the OEM's profit. While the consumer's carbon footprint sensitivity level can help reduce the detrimental environmental impact of products, it can also diminish consumer surplus and social welfare. However, government subsidies have the potential to mitigate the adverse effect, making the consumer's carbon footprint sensitivity level an incentive to increase consumer surplus and social welfare.

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“…Consumer demand and emerging guidelines of the European Commission are driving packages towards circularity by aiming for 100% reusable and/or recyclable packages in 2030 (European Commission, 2019). It seems that the challenge is being approached from many different perspectives and has evidently many paths to follow (Czarnecka-Komorowska, Wiszumirska, 2020; Adibi, Trinh, Mekonnen, 2023; Liang et al, 2023;Meng et al, 2023;Xia et al, 2024). In current paper, we follow one of them that was settled by the REPAC 2 project consortium and is currently being faced by its research and industrial partners.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The final constraint is related to the current sustainability and circularity objectives of production and supply chain activities and their consumption counterparts. This final constraint is often the objective of advanced innovation processes in order to be consistent with a first constraint and remains unclear and yet not achievable as far as its expected potential is concerned (Adibi, Trinh, Mekonnen, 2023;Ferrara et al, 2023;Liang et al, 2023;Meng et al, 2023;Xia et al, 2024). This constraint is often in opposition to the second constraint and requires decades of practice and searching for its market-accepted embodiment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2023

SPSUTOM

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Artificial intelligence (AI) can be applied in various areas of crisis management. It can provide numerous benefits concerning speed, effectiveness and precision of actions. AI accelerates the process of massive amounts of data processing, such as sensor data, satellite images, social data streams and much more. This enables to make quick analysis of a situation and make quick decisions in order to monitor various sources of information in real-time and detect early signals of a crisis. Advanced algorithms can identify patterns and anomalies enabling a quick response. AI can be used to model various crisis scenarios based on available historical and current data. This way it is possible to predict the probable effects of a given crisis and prepare for various situations. AI can analyze social media data to monitor community sentiments, identify potential threats and manage crisis communication. Automatic sentiment analysis systems can help understand society's response to a crisis. Advanced AI systems can be used to predict human behavior in various crisis scenarios. This allows to understand better how people may react and what their needs are in a given time. AI can help detect and combat cyber attacks, which constitute a serious threat, especially when it is necessary to maintain critical infrastructures. Integrating AI into crisis management requires caution because decisions made by AI systems should be consistent with ethical standards and they must consider the human supervision and assessment of the crisis situation. Design/methodology/approach: The paper analyzes the AI methods applied during crises. The results of interviews conducted with students, teachers and authors' personal experiences are provided. Findings: AI is a new way of solving problems, especially during crises. The new technologies determine the way and the speed of problems solving. Originality/value: Originality based on the interviews and post-crisis (COVID) points of view are the value.

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Rethinking the paper product carbon footprint accounting standard from a life-cycle perspective

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

A Review of Building Carbon Emission Accounting Methods under Low-Carbon Building Background

A Review of Building Carbon Emission Accounting Methods under Low-Carbon Building Background

Green technology innovation and pricing decisions considering carbon footprint and government subsidies

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