Retinal hemorrhages in abusive head trauma with atraumatic neuroimaging

Simon, Caroline; Ude, Ifeoma; Levin, Moran; Alexander, Janet

doi:10.1016/j.jaapos.2022.10.005

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…There have been reports of shaken baby syndrome, in which retinal hemorrhage was observed despite the absence of intracranial findings [9][10][11], but in our study, only cases with some findings on CT or MRI were analyzed, so it is unclear to what extent retinal hemorrhage is observed in cases without intracranial findings.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 85%

Correlations of intracranial pathology and cause of head injury with retinal hemorrhage in infants and toddlers: A multicenter, retrospective study by the J-HITs (Japanese Head injury of Infants and Toddlers study) group

Kato¹,

Nonaka

Akutsu

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction In infants who have suffered head trauma there are two possible explanations for retinal hemorrhage (RH): direct vitreous shaking and occurrence in association with intracranial lesions. Which possibility is more plausible was examined. Material and methods This multicenter, retrospective study reviewed the clinical records of children younger than four years with head trauma who had been diagnosed with any findings on head computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Of 452 cases, 239 underwent an ophthalmological examination and were included in this study. The relationships of RH with intracranial findings and the cause of injury were examined. Result Odds ratios for RH were significant for subdural hematoma (OR 23.41, p = 0.0004), brain edema (OR 5.46, p = 0.0095), nonaccidental (OR 11.26, p<0.0001), and self-inflicted falls (OR 6.22, p = 0.0041) Conclusion Although nonaccidental, brain edema and self-inflicted falls were associated with RH, subdural hematoma was most strongly associated with RH.

show abstract

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 85%

Correlations of intracranial pathology and cause of head injury with retinal hemorrhage in infants and toddlers: A multicenter, retrospective study by the J-HITs (Japanese Head injury of Infants and Toddlers study) group

Kato¹,

Nonaka

Akutsu

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Toegebracht schedelhersenletsel bij kinderen

Nagtegaal,

van Berkestijn,

van Rijn

et al. 2024

Medisch Handboek Kindermishandeling

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Eye Examination in the Evaluation of Child Abuse

Christian

Levin

Flaherty³

et al. 2018

Pediatrics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Child abuse can cause injury to any part of the eye. The most common manifestations are retinal hemorrhages (RHs) in infants and young children with abusive head trauma (AHT). Although RHs are an important indicator of possible AHT, they are also found in other conditions. Distinguishing the number, type, location, and pattern of RHs is important in evaluating a differential diagnosis. Eye trauma can be seen in cases of physical abuse or AHT and may prompt referral for ophthalmologic assessment. Physicians have a responsibility to consider abuse in the differential diagnosis of pediatric eye trauma. Identification and documentation of inflicted ocular trauma requires a thorough examination by an ophthalmologist, including indirect ophthalmoscopy, most optimally through a dilated pupil, especially for the evaluation of possible RHs. An eye examination is helpful in detecting abnormalities that can help identify a medical or traumatic etiology for previously well young children who experience unexpected and unexplained mental status changes with no obvious cause, children with head trauma that results in significant intracranial hemorrhage and brain injury, and children with unexplained death.

show abstract

Retinal hemorrhages in abusive head trauma with atraumatic neuroimaging

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Correlations of intracranial pathology and cause of head injury with retinal hemorrhage in infants and toddlers: A multicenter, retrospective study by the J-HITs (Japanese Head injury of Infants and Toddlers study) group

Correlations of intracranial pathology and cause of head injury with retinal hemorrhage in infants and toddlers: A multicenter, retrospective study by the J-HITs (Japanese Head injury of Infants and Toddlers study) group

Toegebracht schedelhersenletsel bij kinderen

The Eye Examination in the Evaluation of Child Abuse

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About