Retinal vessel diameters and risk of hypertension. The Rotterdam Study

Ikram, Muhammad; Witteman, J.C.M.; Vingerling, J. R.; Breteler, Monique M.B.; Hofman, Albert; Jong, P.T. de

doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2006.01.053

Cited by 78 publications

(122 citation statements)

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“…Regular incidents that trigger a blood pressure increase may result in narrowing of retinal arterioles. In this respect, research has indicated that the narrowing of the retinal blood vessels precedes hypertension (Ikram et al, 2006;Wong et al, 2004b). At the same time it should be note that blood pressure is very tightly controlled by several feedback mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Blood pressure changes in association with black carbon exposure in a panel of healthy adults are independent of retinal microcirculation

Louwies

Nawrot

Cox

et al. 2015

Environment International

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Exposure to ambient particulate matter and elevated blood pressure are risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Microvascular changes might be an important pathway in explaining the association between air pollution and blood pressure. The objective of the study was to evaluate the role of the retinal microcirculation in the association between black carbon (BC) exposure and blood pressure. We estimated subchronic BC exposure based on 1-week personal measurements (μ-Aethalometer, AethLabs) in 55 healthy nurses. Blood pressure and retinal microvasculature were measured on four different days (range: 2-4) during this week. Subchronic BC exposure averaged (± SD) 1334±631ng/m(3) and ranged from 338ng/m(3) to 3889ng/m(3). An increased exposure of 631ng/m(3) BC was associated with a 2.77mmHg (95% CI: 0.39 to 5.15, p=0.027) increase in systolic blood pressure, a 2.35mmHg (95% CI: 0.52 to 4.19, p=0.016) increase in diastolic blood pressure and with 5.65μm (95% CI: 1.33 to 9.96, p=0.014) increase in central retinal venular equivalent. Mediation analysis failed to reveal an effect of retinal microvasculature in the association between blood pressure and subchronic BC exposure. In conclusion, we found a positive association between blood pressure and subchronic black carbon exposure in healthy adults. This finding adds evidence to the association between black carbon exposure and cardiovascular health effects, with elevated blood pressure as a plausible intermediate effector. Our results suggest that the changes in a person's blood pressure as a result of subchronic black carbon exposure operate independently of the retinal microcirculation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Blood pressure changes in association with black carbon exposure in a panel of healthy adults are independent of retinal microcirculation

Louwies

Nawrot

Cox

et al. 2015

Environment International

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“…Retinal vessels represent resistance vessels, and abnormalities of the retinal vasculature may reflect the microvascular damage due to hypertension [25]. It has also been demonstrated that generalized retinal arteriolar narrowing may precede the development of systemic hypertension [4]. Furthermore, persons with familial predisposition had arteriolar narrowing in the prehypertensive stage [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Moreover, myocardial vasodilator capacity and impaired endothelium-dependent brachial artery vasodilation have been found to associate with plasma ADMA levels [13,14]. Generalized retinal arteriolar narrowing has been observed to associate with increased risk of hypertension [4]. Thus, this study was performed to clarify the role of plasma ADMA as a biomarker for retinal resistance vessel diameters and therefore also for increased risk of hypertension.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Previously, it has also been demonstrated that generalized retinal arteriolar narrowing may precede the development of systemic hypertension [4]. Diminished bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) impairs endotheliumdependent vasodilation and activates other mechanisms that may play an important role in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine and retinal vessel diameters in middle-aged men

Hemminki

Laakso²,

Kähönen

et al. 2007

Metabolism

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“…Any potential link between retinal vascular calibre and AF could have clinical implications by offering an appealing non-invasive method of arrhythmia detection or risk stratification. Recent studies have implicated narrowing of retinal arterioles in coronary artery disease, incident stroke and hypertension, independent of vascular risk factors [7,8]. Variations in vessel diameter are thought to be due to chronic structural microvascular changes, such as intimal thickening, medial hyperplasia, hyalinization and sclerosis, as well as systematic inflammatory states [2,3,[7][8][9].…”

Section: Contents Lists Available At Sciencedirectmentioning

confidence: 98%

Relationship between macular and retinal diseases with prevalent atrial fibrillation — An analysis of the Australian Heart Eye Study

Phan

Mitchell

Liew

et al. 2015

International Journal of Cardiology

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Retinal vessel diameters and risk of hypertension. The Rotterdam Study

Cited by 78 publications

References 0 publications

Blood pressure changes in association with black carbon exposure in a panel of healthy adults are independent of retinal microcirculation

Blood pressure changes in association with black carbon exposure in a panel of healthy adults are independent of retinal microcirculation

Plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine and retinal vessel diameters in middle-aged men

Relationship between macular and retinal diseases with prevalent atrial fibrillation — An analysis of the Australian Heart Eye Study

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