Retinoic Acid Signaling and Central Nervous System Development

Maden, Malcolm

doi:10.1002/9781118628003.ch13

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 181 publications

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“…Thus, RALDH2 activity may define a source of RA in the meningeal space, which could act on the underlying cortex where it may influence neurogenesis. Indeed, a number of studies have shown that the retinoid pathway acts on neuronal differentiation, proliferation, neurite outgrowth, and synaptogenesis ( Corcoran et al, 2000 ; Maden, 2007 , 2015 ; McCaffery et al, 2003 , and references therein). As Raldh2 −/− mutants are early embryonic lethal at E9.5 ( Niederreither et al, 1999 ), a possible function of RA at later stages of cortical neurogenesis has not been investigated directly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meningeal retinoic acid contributes to neocortical lamination and radial migration during mouse brain development

et al. 2016

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Retinoic acid (RA) is a diffusible molecule involved in early forebrain patterning. Its later production in the meninges by the retinaldehyde dehydrogenase RALDH2 coincides with the time of cortical neuron generation. A function of RA in this process has not been adressed directly as Raldh2−/− mouse mutants are embryonic lethal. Here, we used a conditional genetic strategy to inactivate Raldh2 just prior to onset of its expression in the developing meninges. This inactivation does not affect the formation of the cortical progenitor populations, their rate of division, or timing of differentiation. However, migration of late-born cortical neurons is delayed, with neurons stalling in the intermediate zone and exhibiting an abnormal multipolar morphology. This suggests that RA controls the multipolar-to-bipolar transition that occurs in the intermediate zone and allows neurons to start locomotion in the cortical plate. Our work also shows a role for RA in cortical lamination, as deep layers are expanded and a subset of layer IV neurons are not formed in the Raldh2-ablated mutants. These data demonstrate that meninges are a source of extrinsic signals important for cortical development.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meningeal retinoic acid contributes to neocortical lamination and radial migration during mouse brain development

et al. 2016

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Effect of maternal antenatal and newborn supplementation with vitamin A on cognitive development of school-aged children in rural Bangladesh: a follow-up of a placebo-controlled, randomized trial

Ali

Hamadani

Mehra

et al. 2017

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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The impact of early vitamin A supplementation on neurodevelopmental function has not been adequately studied. In rural Bangladesh we examined cognitive and motor function and scholastic achievement in a cohort of children who were exposed to vitamin A in utero or at birth. The aim of this study was to examine independent and combined effects of antenatal and newborn supplementation with vitamin A on the cognitive function of children at 8 y of age. A cohort of rural Bangladeshi children from 2 previous double-blind, placebo-controlled cluster-randomized trials were revisited at age 8 y between February 2013 and June 2014. Data on sociodemographic, social, and physical conditions; schooling; child care behavior; anthropometric measures; and cognitive function were collected with the use of various psychometric assessment tools. Among 11,950 children from the parent trial who were last known to be alive, a subset of 1803 children balanced by treatment group in a selected contiguous study area were re-enrolled and 1613 (89%) provided consent for assessments. Of these, 1577 (87%) children had a complete cognitive evaluation. All groups were highly comparable on baseline variables collected in the previous trials and factors measured at re-enrollment. Overall, there was no impact of either maternal or newborn supplementation with vitamin A on intelligence, memory, and motor function. Compared with placebo, children who received both interventions had significantly better performance in reading, spelling, and math computation, with increased mean (95% CI) scores of 8.0 (2.2, 13.8), 6.8 (1.9, 11.7), and 4.8 (0.6, 9.0), respectively. General intelligence or memory and motor functions were not affected by antenatal or newborn supplementation with vitamin A. Scholastic performance and aspects of executive function improved when both interventions were provided. These trials were registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00198822 and NCT00128557.

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Retinoic Acid Signaling and Central Nervous System Development

Cited by 2 publications

References 181 publications

Meningeal retinoic acid contributes to neocortical lamination and radial migration during mouse brain development

Meningeal retinoic acid contributes to neocortical lamination and radial migration during mouse brain development

Effect of maternal antenatal and newborn supplementation with vitamin A on cognitive development of school-aged children in rural Bangladesh: a follow-up of a placebo-controlled, randomized trial

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