2005
DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2403923
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Retinoid/arsenic combination therapy of promyelocytic leukemia: induction of telomerase-dependent cell death

Abstract: Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is efficiently treated with a cell differentiation inducer, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). However, a significant percentage of patients still develop resistance to this treatment. Recently, arsenic trioxide (As 2 O 3 ), alone or in combination with ATRA, has been identified as an alternative therapy in patients with both ATRA-sensitive and ATRA-resistant APL. Previous investigations restricted the mechanism of this synergism to the modulation and/or degradation of PML-RARa … Show more

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Cited by 35 publications
(28 citation statements)
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“…This effect is due to enhanced phosphorylation of RARa (53). Additionally, combination treatment with ATRA and ATO enhances the downregulation of telomerase expression as compared to treatment with one agent alone, thereby enhancing cell death (54). Importantly, the synergetic effects of combined ATRA and ATO treatment have also been shown in vivo.…”
Section: Synergetic Effects Of Atra and Ato In Aplmentioning
confidence: 74%
“…This effect is due to enhanced phosphorylation of RARa (53). Additionally, combination treatment with ATRA and ATO enhances the downregulation of telomerase expression as compared to treatment with one agent alone, thereby enhancing cell death (54). Importantly, the synergetic effects of combined ATRA and ATO treatment have also been shown in vivo.…”
Section: Synergetic Effects Of Atra and Ato In Aplmentioning
confidence: 74%
“…It is used not only in the monotherapy but also in combination with other compounds, i.a. retinoid acid, ascorbic acid and GM-CSF [17][18][19].The impact of ATO bases mainly on the inhibition of proliferation and introduction of cancer cells on the route of programmed cell death. Its apoptotic effect has been proved for many years, however scientists all over the world are still proposing its new mechanisms.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We have previously demonstrated the existence of distinct thresholds necessary for telomere shortening and cell death, which can vary depending on the targeted cancer cells. 20 It is likely that these thresholds apply also in case of patient cells explaining why despite significant hTERT repression induced by the RARa agonist alone no significant effect on telomere length was observed. Moreover, we cannot exclude that some destabilization of telomere structure may accompany hTERT (19) 81 (9) 63 (4) 52 (3) AML5 Pt 11 96 (10) 34 (9) 72 (0.1) 23 (4) CMML Pt 19 45 (19) 52 (19) 53 (14) 35 (19) CML Pt 12 63 (2) 98 (32) 64 (na) 38 (na) CML Pt 14 55 (36) 61 (15) 60 (15) 67 (na) CML Pt 15 12 (8) nd 98 (49) 18 (4) CML Pt 16 90 (1) 100 (38) 30 (11) 44 (18) CML Pt 17 13 (18) 10 (6) 24 (2) Retinoids target hTERT in myeloid leukemias F Pendino et al repression leading to such a rapid shortening in only 11 days.…”
Section: Retinoids Target Htert In Myeloid Leukemiasmentioning
confidence: 99%