Retinomotor Responses

Ali, M. A.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-0241-5_30

Cited by 66 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…In fact, striped bass, bluefish and cobia, which frequently forage in shallow coastal and estuarine waters, had fairly high K 50 values (~1-2logcdm -2 ) and very narrow dynamic ranges, similar to those observed in black rockfish (Sebastes melanops), a coastal Pacific sebastid (2.0logcdm -2 ) . These three pelagic piscivores demonstrated significant diel shifts in luminous sensitivity, presumably as a result of retinomotor movements (Ali, 1975). In daylight, the luminous sensitivities of striped bass, bluefish and cobia were substantially more right-shifted (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Comparative visual function in four piscivorous fishes inhabiting Chesapeake Bay

Horodysky

Brill

Warrant

et al. 2010

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARY Maintaining optimal visual performance is a difficult task in photodynamic coastal and estuarine waters because of the unavoidable tradeoffs between luminous sensitivity and spatial and temporal resolution, yet the visual systems of coastal piscivores remain understudied despite differences in their ecomorphology and microhabitat use. We therefore used electroretinographic techniques to describe the light sensitivities, temporal properties and spectral sensitivities of the visual systems of four piscivorous fishes common to coastal and estuarine waters of the western North Atlantic: striped bass (Morone saxatilis), bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix), summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus) and cobia (Rachycentron canadum). Benthic summer flounder exhibited higher luminous sensitivity and broader dynamic range than the three pelagic foragers. The former were at the more sensitive end of an emerging continuum for coastal fishes. By contrast, pelagic species were comparatively less sensitive, but showed larger day–night differences, consistent with their use of diel light-variant photic habitats. Flicker fusion frequency experiments revealed significant interspecific differences at maximum intensities that correlated with lifestyle and habitat. Spectral responses of most species spanned 400–610 nm, with significant day–night differences in striped bass and bluefish. Anadromous striped bass additionally responded to longer wavelengths, similar to many freshwater fishes. Collectively, these results suggest that pelagic piscivores are well adapted to bright photoclimates, which may be at odds with the modern state of eutrified coastal and estuarine waters that they utilize. Recent anthropogenic degradation of water quality in coastal environments, at a pace faster than the evolution of visual systems, may impede visually foraging piscivores, change selected prey, and eventually restructure ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Comparative visual function in four piscivorous fishes inhabiting Chesapeake Bay

Horodysky

Brill

Warrant

et al. 2010

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…Usually, isovolumetric changes, similar to those of a muscle contraction, are attributed to a system of microtubules in the photoreceptors (BURNSIDE 1978, WARREN & BURNSIDE 1978. Retinomotor movements reposition photoreceptor outer segments and screening pigment in the retinal pigment epithelium so that photoreceptors are optimally exposed to incoming light in the dark in the case of rods and under light conditions in the case of cones (ALI 1971(ALI , 1975. This capacity might be important for N. coriiceps to enable the fish to find their prey under light and dark conditions, or even when weather changes, resulting in sudden changes in light conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…to changes in light levels (ALI 1975) but also through regulation by endogenous circadian rhythms (ALI 1975). However if the pigment epithelial cells are isolated from the retina, they do not respond to changes in light (BRUENNER & BURNSIDE 1986).…”

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confidence: 99%

Fine structure of the retinal pigment epithelium and cones of Antarctic fish Notohenia coriiceps Richardson in light and dark-conditions

Donatti

Fanta

2007

Rev. Bras. Zool.

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The Antarctic fish Notothenia coriiceps Richardson, 1844 lives in an environment of daily and annual photic variation and retina cells have to adjust morphologically to environmental luminosity. After seven day dark or seven day light acclimation of two groups of fish, retinas were extracted and processed for light and transmission electron microscopy. In seven day dark adapted, retina pigment epithelium melanin granules were aggregated at the basal region of cells, and macrophages were seen adjacent to the apical microvilli, between the photoreceptors. In seven day light adapted epithelium, melanin granules were inside the apical microvilli of epithelial cells and macrophages were absent. The supranuclear region of cones adapted to seven day light had less electron dense cytoplasm, and an endoplasmic reticulum with broad tubules. The mitochondria in the internal segment of cones adapted to seven day light were larger, and less electron dense. The differences in the morphology of cones and pigment epithelial cells indicate that N. coriiceps has retinal structural adjustments presumably optimizing vision in different light conditions.

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“…In lower vertebrates, photoreceptors and pigment epithelium perform retinomotor or photomechanical movements (MÜLLER 1856, WALLS 1942, ALI 1975, EASTMANN 1988, MACDONALD & MONTGOMERY 1991, BURNSIDE 2001, in response to the changes in environmental luminosity, to optimise vision in all light conditions (BURNSIDE & NAGLE 1983, NICOL 1989. In continuous darkness, the retinomotor movements are usually cyclic and persistent, corresponding to the hours of dusk and dawn.…”

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confidence: 99%

Retinomotor movements in the Antarctic fish Trematomus newnesi Boulenger submitted to different environmental light conditions

Donatti

Fanta

2007

Rev. Bras. Zool.

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The Antarctic fish Trematomus newnesi (Boulenger, 1902) occurs from benthic to pelagic habitats, in seasonally and daily varied photic conditions that induce retinomotor movements. Fish were experimentally kept under constant darkness or light, and 12Light/12Dark for seven days. The retinomotor movement of the pigment epithelium was established through the pigment index, while that of the cones was calculated as the length of the myoid. The retinomotor movement of the pigment epithelium in T.newnesi,revealed that the adaptation to constant light occurred in the one hour of exposure, remaining constant for the next seven days. However, the adaptation to constant darkness, was slower. The difference between the mean values of the pigment indices in the time intervals of sampling was significant in the first hours of the experiment, and only after six hours they were not significant any more. The myoid of cones became elongated in darkness and contracted in light. In the experiments where T.newnesiwas exposed initially to 12 hours light followed by 12 hours darkness 12 was evidenced that the speed and intensity of the retinomotor movements was higher when darkness changed into light, than when light changed into darkness.

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Retinomotor Responses

Cited by 66 publications

References 71 publications

Comparative visual function in four piscivorous fishes inhabiting Chesapeake Bay

Comparative visual function in four piscivorous fishes inhabiting Chesapeake Bay

Fine structure of the retinal pigment epithelium and cones of Antarctic fish Notohenia coriiceps Richardson in light and dark-conditions

Retinomotor movements in the Antarctic fish Trematomus newnesi Boulenger submitted to different environmental light conditions

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