Retinopathy and Lobar Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Baker, Michelle L.; Hand, Peter J.; Wong, Tien Yin; Liew, Gerald; Rochtchina, Elena; Mitchell, Paul; Lindley, Richard I; Hankey, Graeme J.; Wang, Jie Jin

doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.249

Cited by 27 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…39 Furthermore, retinal micro-vascular abnormalities are known to reflect arteriolar damage from hypertension and other processes 11 and are consistently related with stroke, cerebral atrophy and stroke-related death. 14–20 As such, retinal micro-vascular abnormalities are hypothesized markers of generalized vascular disease. As with previous reports, 40 we showed that narrower retinal arteriolar caliber was correlated with increased SBP and DBP, and self-reported diagnosis of stroke.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Retinal Microvascular Abnormalities and Cognitive Function in Latino Adults in Los Angeles

Gatto¹,

Varma²,

Torres³

et al. 2012

Ophthalmic Epidemiology

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Purpose Retinal vessels may provide a readily accessible surrogate approach to study vascular disease in brain small vessels. Previous epidemiologic studies of retinal microvascular abnormalities and cognition have not included large numbers of Latinos who have a high prevalence of diabetes and hypertension. Methods We used data from 809 elderly Latino participants in the Los Angeles Latino Eye Study (LALES) to assess whether retinal vessel caliber and microvascular abnormalities are cross-sectionally associated with lower cognitive function. Cognitive screening was conducted with the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument-Short form (CASI-S) and in-depth testing with the Spanish English Neuropsychological Assessment Scales (SENAS). Retinal photographs were used to identify retinopathy signs and measure retinal vessel caliber. Results A total of 65.8% had high blood pressure, 34.5% had diabetes; self-reported diagnoses of heart attack, heart failure, angina and stroke were rare. Retinal calibers and any retinopathy were not associated with the CASI-S, total SENAS or any SENAS cognitive factors assessed as continuous variables. The odds of a low CASI-S score were two times higher in subjects with generalized arteriolar narrowing (OR = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.14, 3.66), and one and half times as high in those with both generalized arteriolar narrowing and retinopathy signs (OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 0.47, 4.75) though this result was based on only four cases with both risk factors and confidence limits were wide and included the null. Conclusion Retinal microvasculature imaging may provide insights into small blood vessel influences on cognition in Latino populations. Additional studies in diverse populations and prospective settings are needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Abnormalities in the retinal vasculature 10,11,13 may be markers of concomitant cerebral microvascular disease, and are closely related to hypertension, stroke, MRI-detected subclinical infarcts and white matter lesions, cerebral atrophy and stroke-related death. 14–20 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal Microvascular Abnormalities and Cognitive Function in Latino Adults in Los Angeles

Gatto¹,

Varma²,

Torres³

et al. 2012

Ophthalmic Epidemiology

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“…(34) Retinal micro-aneurysms, hemorrhages and cotton wool spots were associated with lobar ICH as opposed to deep ICH or cerebral infarct in non-diabetics. (35) The authors proposed that the differences in arteriolar wall findings, namely AV nicking and arteriolar narrowing, in the retina of patients with deep ICH, versus retinal microaneurysms, hemorrhages and cotton wool spots in lobar ICH and cerebral infarct reflect the different cerebral vascular pathologies that underlie these distinct cerebral vascular events.…”

Section: Relationship Between Chronic Retinal Microvascular Disease Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal Vascular Changes are a Marker for Cerebral Vascular Diseases

Moss

2015

Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep

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The retinal circulation is a potential marker of cerebral vascular disease because it shares origin and drainage with the intracranial circulation and because it can be directly visualized using ophthalmoscopy. Cross sectional and cohort studies have demonstrated associations between chronic retinal and cerebral vascular disease, acute retinal and cerebral vascular disease and chronic retinal vascular disease and acute cerebral vascular disease. In particular, certain qualitative features of retinopathy, retinal artery occlusion and increased retinal vein caliber are associated with concurrent and future cerebrovascular events. These associations persist after accounting for confounding variables known to be disease-causing in both circulations, which supports the potential use of retinal vasculature findings to stratify individuals with regards to cerebral vascular disease risk.

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“…Because the retinal vasculature is easily accessible in vivo using retinal imaging, there is an increasing interest to use the retina as model to study pathologic changes in the cerebral vasculature. Retinal signs that have been associated with intracerebral hemorrhage include retinal vessel calibres, signs of age-related macular disease, retinopathy, focal narrowing of arterioles, and arteriovenous nicking [46–48]. However, many of these signs are not specific for intracerebral hemorrhage and have also been associated with ischemic stroke and its subtypes.…”

Section: Pre-clinical Imaging Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

International Epidemiology of Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Ikram

Wieberdink

Koudstaal

2012

Curr Atheroscler Rep

228

143

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Intracerebral hemorrhage is the second most common subtype of stroke. In recent decades our understanding of intracerebral hemorrhage has improved. New risk factors have been identified; more knowledge has been obtained on previously known risk factors; and new imaging techniques allow for in vivo assessment of preclinical markers of intracerebral hemorrhage. In this review the latest developments in research on intracerebral hemorrhage are highlighted from an epidemiologic point of view. Special focus is on frequency, etiologic factors and pre-clinical markers of intracerebral hemorrhage.

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Retinopathy and Lobar Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Abstract: Background:The vascular pathogenesis underlying lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is unclear.Objective: To determine whether certain retinal microvascular signs are associated with lobar ICH to improve understanding of its underlying cerebral vasculopathy.

Cited by 27 publications

References 41 publications

Retinal Microvascular Abnormalities and Cognitive Function in Latino Adults in Los Angeles

Retinal Microvascular Abnormalities and Cognitive Function in Latino Adults in Los Angeles

Retinal Vascular Changes are a Marker for Cerebral Vascular Diseases

International Epidemiology of Intracerebral Hemorrhage

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