Retinopathy associated with ivermectin toxicosis in five cats

Meekins, Jessica M.; Guess, Sarah C.; Rankin, Amy J.

doi:10.2460/javma.246.11.1238

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Kittens under 6 month of age should be treated cautiously because the use of ivermectin has been associated with adverse effects including neurological signs and death in, these young animals even though the dosage was within the safety range suggested by previous studies . The owner should be reminded that products labelled for other animals should not be used in cats because a case of toxic effects in five cats was reported after they were given topical aural application of ivermectin for horses …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[67][68][69] The owner should be reminded that products labelled for other animals should not be used in cats because a case of toxic effects in five cats was reported after they were given topical aural application of ivermectin for horses. 70 If ear mites are found to infest other parts of the body, a systematic medication is the choice for killing the ectopic mites. Systematic options include spot-on and subcutaneous injection, which require less frequent treatments but has no effect against secondary microbial infections.…”

Section: Implications For Clinical Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence‐based veterinary dermatology: a review of published studies of treatments forOtodectes cynotis(ear mite) infestation in cats

Yang

Huang

2016

Veterinary Dermatology

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Background -Otodectes cynotis (ear mite) accounts for 50-80% of cases of otitis externa in cats. Various treatment options exist but evidence-based reviews on treatments for this parasite have not been conducted.Hypothesis/Objectives -The purpose of this study was to systematically review the efficacy of treatments for Otodectes cynotis infestation in cats, to provide recommendations for their use and to suggest methodologies for future clinical trials and research.Methods -Electronic searches were carried out using the PubMed, CAB Direct and Thomson Reuters Web of Science; relevant topics were hand searched. The review was restricted to peer reviewed articles without limitation of language and publication date; only in vivo studies were included. The data were extracted and tabulated, then compared with regard to study design. With only a few randomized and controlled trials (RCTs) available, it was not possible to perform a meta-analysis of the pooled data.Results -A total of 27 trials published between 1978 and 2015 fulfilled the selection criteria; 17 different pharmacological interventions were identified. There were two blinded RCTs and 25 open uncontrolled trials.Conclusions and clinical importance -There is fair evidence for recommending spot-on 10% imidacloprid +1% moxidectin or selamectin, once or twice 30 days apart, while there is insufficient evidence for or against recommending all other medications due to the quality of study designs in spite of their high efficacies. Future blinded RCTs, using placebo or appropriate active drugs, are required; outcome measurements on both clinical and microbiological and parasitological improvement, and proper follow-up periods are recommended.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implications For Clinical Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence‐based veterinary dermatology: a review of published studies of treatments forOtodectes cynotis(ear mite) infestation in cats

Yang

Huang

2016

Veterinary Dermatology

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“…In canine cases where electroretinography (ERG) was performed, diminished or extinguished findings were noted along with retinal lesions . The absence of fundic changes with documented ERG abnormalities has been previously reported in cats, but not in other species . Ivermectin toxicosis has also been reported in equids (neonatal foal, adult horses, zebra, Shetland Pony foal, and a miniature mule foal) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Ivermectin‐induced blindness has been previously reported in dogs, cats, equids, and an African lion . Ophthalmic examination findings may include mydriasis, decreased pupillary light reflexes (PLRs), and absent menace response . In dogs, retinal changes are typically noted and are characterized by linear fold‐like regions of retinal edema .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Current treatment of ivermectin toxicosis generally includes supportive care based on clinical signs, but in recent years, administration of intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) has been successfully used in multiple species . Ivermectin‐induced blindness has been previously reported in dogs, cats, equids, and an African lion . Ophthalmic examination findings may include mydriasis, decreased pupillary light reflexes (PLRs), and absent menace response .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electroretinographic changes after intravenous lipid emulsion therapy in a dog and a foal with ivermectin toxicosis

Pollio¹,

Michau

Weaver³

et al. 2016

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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This case report describes ivermectin-induced blindness in a dog and a foal with normal ophthalmic fundic examinations and attenuated electroretinography (ERG). Subsequent recovery in ERG was noted following intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) therapy. A dog and a foal were evaluated for ivermectin-induced blindness. Clinical signs included dull mentation, absent pupillary light reflexes (PLRs), and absent menace on presentation. The animals had normal fundoscopic examinations; however, in both cases ERG was consistent with neurosensory retinal dysfunction. Following ILE therapy for ivermectin toxicosis, return of menace, PLRs, and normal mentation were noted, as was improvement in ERG and serum ivermectin levels. These are the first documented cases of ivermectin-induced blindness in a dog and a foal with normal fundic examinations and attenuated ERG. ERG improved in both animals after ILE therapy. ERG may assist in the diagnosis of ivermectin toxicosis in dogs and horses. ILE therapy may hasten recovery in treatment of ivermectin-induced blindness.

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A Practical Approach to Common Presentations in General Practice

Ives¹,

Freeman²

2020

A Practical Approach to Neurology for the Small Animal Practitioner

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Retinopathy associated with ivermectin toxicosis in five cats

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

Evidence‐based veterinary dermatology: a review of published studies of treatments forOtodectes cynotis(ear mite) infestation in cats

Evidence‐based veterinary dermatology: a review of published studies of treatments forOtodectes cynotis(ear mite) infestation in cats

Electroretinographic changes after intravenous lipid emulsion therapy in a dog and a foal with ivermectin toxicosis

A Practical Approach to Common Presentations in General Practice

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