Retinopathy of Prematurity: The Life of a Lifetime Disease

Tasman, William; Patz, Arnall; McNamara, J. Arch; Kaiser, Richard; Trese, Michael T.; Smith, Bradley T.

doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2005.07.034

Cited by 91 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Our results are very much similar to the incidence of developed countries of range less than 20%. (14)(15)(16) The incidence in our study is similar to the Beijing study. (17) This value is very much less compared to other studies from our country, which ranges from 20% -47%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

A Retrospective Descriptive Study of Incidence and Outcome of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Level-3 Nicu in a Tertiary Care Centre

Devi¹,

Srikanth²,

Anjani³

2018

jemds

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BACKGROUND Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is a vasoproliferative disease affecting the eyes of premature infants. ROP continues to be one of the important preventable causes of childhood blindness. The most important determinant of any ROP management program is an effective screening strategy. MATERIALS AND METHODSAn ROP retrospective descriptive study was performed for a duration of 6 months between January 2017 and June 2017, in which babies with a gestational age of 34 weeks or less and a birth weight of 2000 g or less were included. Infants whose gestational age was more than 34 weeks or birth weight more than 2000 g were included if babies had any other comorbidities. The study was done by performing ROP screening in babies, staging the disease and documenting the risk factors. The outcome and management of those diagnosed with ROP was noted too. RESULTSA total of 160 babies (85 males and 75 females) had retinal evaluation from the fourth postnatal week and followed up periodically. Sixteen infants developed any stage ROP accounting for ten percent incidence among all the enrolled and screened babies. Stage I ROP was seen in nine infants, Stage II in three infants and Stage III in two infants. Stage IV or V ROP was detected in one case each. Male predominance was noted in the study. Respiratory distress and sepsis were noted to be the most frequent risk factors. Of all sixteen cases that developed ROP, 8 cases required laser photocoagulation accounting to 50 percent of ROP cases and five percent of the total screened infants. CONCLUSIONScreening for ROP aids in timely diagnosis, would facilitate early interventional strategies leading to prevention of ocular morbidity and blindness. The incidence of ROP is relatively less in our setup, probably due to monitored oxygen therapy and proper screening protocols.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

A Retrospective Descriptive Study of Incidence and Outcome of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Level-3 Nicu in a Tertiary Care Centre

Devi¹,

Srikanth²,

Anjani³

2018

jemds

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“…Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in eye diseases. Retinopathy of prematurity is associated with a high oxygen concentration (hyperoxia) that causes retinal vascularization during subsequent years of life (102). However, it has also been suggested that other factors, including low vitamin E concentration in premature infants, birth weight, gestational age, and exposure to light, contribute to premature retinopathy.…”

Section: Diseases and Disorders Associated With Oxygen And Rosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen, the Lead Actor in the Pathophysiologic Drama: Enactment of the Trinity of Normoxia, Hypoxia, and Hyperoxia in Disease and Therapy

Kulkarni

Kuppusamy

Parinandi

2007

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling

150

104

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Aerobic life has evolved a dependence on molecular oxygen for its mere survival. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation absolutely requires oxygen to generate the currency of energy in aerobes. The physiologic homeostasis of these organisms is strictly maintained by optimal cellular and tissue-oxygenation status through complex oxygen-sensing mechanisms, signaling cascades, and transport processes. In the event of fluctuating oxygen levels leading to either an increase (hyperoxia) or decrease (hypoxia) in cellular oxygen, the organism faces a crisis involving depletion of energy reserves, altered cell-signaling cascades, oxidative reactions/events, and cell death or tissue damage. Molecular oxygen is activated by both nonenzymatic and enzymatic mechanisms into highly reactive oxygen species (ROS). Aerobes have evolved effective antioxidant defenses to counteract the reactivity of ROS. Although the ROS are also required for many normal physiologic functions of the aerobes, overwhelming production of ROS coupled with their insufficient scavenging by endogenous antioxidants will lead to detrimental oxidative stress. Needless to say, molecular oxygen is at the center of oxygenation, oxidative phosphorylation, and oxidative stress. This review focuses on the biology and pathophysiology of oxygen, with an emphasis on transport, sensing, and activation of oxygen, oxidative phosphorylation, oxygenation, oxidative stress, and oxygen therapy.

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“…The risk of death of a preterm neonate is 120 times greater than that of an infant born at term [6,[12][13][14][15][16]. Moreover, survivors are at risk of short-term morbidity (respiratory distress syndrome, intraventricular haemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis, retinopathy of prematurity) [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], and long-term morbidity [30,31] such as cerebral palsy [32][33][34][35][36] learning disabilities [23,37,38], blindness [39,40] and crippling respiratory disease [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48]. Recent evidence suggests that preterm neonates may also be at risk for altered metabolic states in adult life [49][50][51][52].…”

Section: Preterm Birth: Definition Classification and Burden Of Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

The preterm parturition syndrome and its implications for understanding the biology, risk assessment, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of preterm birth

Gotsch

Romero²,

Erez

et al. 2009

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine

117

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Retinopathy of Prematurity: The Life of a Lifetime Disease

Cited by 91 publications

References 45 publications

A Retrospective Descriptive Study of Incidence and Outcome of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Level-3 Nicu in a Tertiary Care Centre

A Retrospective Descriptive Study of Incidence and Outcome of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Level-3 Nicu in a Tertiary Care Centre

Oxygen, the Lead Actor in the Pathophysiologic Drama: Enactment of the Trinity of Normoxia, Hypoxia, and Hyperoxia in Disease and Therapy

The preterm parturition syndrome and its implications for understanding the biology, risk assessment, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of preterm birth

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