The paper is concerned with a linear neutral differential equatioṅ, r ∈ R, r > 0 are continuous functions. A new criterion is given for the existence of positive strictly decreasing solutions. The proof is based on the Rybakowski variant of a topological Ważewski principle suitable for differential equations of the delayed type. Unlike in the previous investigations known, this time the progress is achieved by using a special system of initial functions satisfying a so-called sewing condition. The result obtained is extended to more general equations. Comparisons with known results are given as well.2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary: 34K40, 34K25; Secondary: 34K12. 67 68 JOSEF DIBLÍK AND ZDENĚK SVOBODA of (2) with respect to initial point t 0 if y is defined and continuous on [T 0 , ∞), differentiable on [t 0 , ∞), and satisfies (2) for t ≥ t 0 .Theorem 1.1. Equation (2) has a positive solution with respect to t 0 if and only if there exists a continuous function λ(t) on [T 0 , ∞) such that λ(t) > 0 for t ≥ t 0 and λ(t) ≥ p(t) exp t t−τ (t)